Multi-metal nanomaterials derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered significant attention across diverse applications, encompassing catalysis, sensors, energy storage and conversion, as well as environmental remediation. In contrast to their monometallic counterparts, the incorporation of foreign metals is anticipated to introduce novel physicochemical properties, thereby manifesting synergistic effects for enhanced performance. Demonstrating their efficacy as a robust platform, MOFs facilitate the fabrication of polymetallic nanomaterials endowed with essential features. This review comprehensively summarizes various design strategies employed in the construction of multi-metallic nanomaterials from MOFs, marking the comprehensive compilation. These strategies encompass a multi-metallic occupied metal node strategy, post-synthetic ion-exchange strategy, multi-step seed-mediated growth method, guest species encapsulation strategy, and multi-metal diffusion strategy. Subsequently, the review delves into recent advancements in multi-metallic nanomaterials specifically applied in oxygen-related electrocatalytic processes, including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and bifunctional effect for metal–air batteries. The discussion provides a systematic exploration of the notable progress in this realm. In conclusion, the review offers a perspective on future trends and challenges, inspiring insights that foster a deeper understanding and innovative perspectives for the continued development of multi-metal nanomaterials derived from MOFs.

中文翻译：

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在金属有机框架平台上衍生用于氧电催化的多金属纳米材料


源自金属有机框架（MOF）的多金属纳米材料在催化、传感器、能量存储和转换以及环境修复等多种应用中引起了广泛关注。与单金属对应物相比，外来金属的掺入预计会引入新的物理化学性质，从而表现出增强性能的协同效应。 MOF 展示了其作为强大平台的功效，促进了具有基本特征的多金属纳米材料的制造。这篇综述全面总结了 MOF 构建多金属纳米材料所采用的各种设计策略，标志着全面的汇编。这些策略包括多金属占据金属节点策略、合成后离子交换策略、多步骤种子介导的生长方法、客体物种封装策略和多金属扩散策略。随后，该综述深入研究了专门应用于与氧相关的电催化过程的多金属纳米材料的最新进展，包括氧还原反应（ORR）、析氧反应（OER）和金属-空气电池的双功能效应。讨论对这一领域的显着进展进行了系统探索。总之，该综述提供了对未来趋势和挑战的看法，激发了人们的见解，促进了对 MOF 多金属纳米材料持续开发的更深入理解和创新视角。