Flexible Zn–air batteries are typically constrained by their sluggish oxygen electrocatalysis, unstable electrochemical interface, and consequently restricted operational temperature range. Accordingly, in this work, we propose the fabrication of wide-temperature flexible Zn–air batteries using wood. Specifically, lignin in wood could be converted into Fe-cluster-enhanced asymmetric single-atom catalysts, acting as an air cathode. Additionally, cellulose in wood underwent interpenetrating polymerization with polyvinyl alcohol for the preparation of an organohydrogel electrolyte. The optimized catalyst sample exhibited an exceptional oxygen reduction reaction performance (E_1/2 = 0.9 V) and endowed Zn–air batteries with long-term stability of over 425 h at 20 mA cm⁻². Furthermore, benefiting from the cellulose-based organohydrogel electrolyte, the wide-temperature flexible Zn–air batteries could be cycled stably for over 115 h (5 mA cm⁻²) at 25 °C. In addition, the adaptability of these batteries was explored over a wide temperature range (−60 °C to 50 °C). This approach, i.e., the fabrication of wood-derived wide-temperature flexible Zn–air batteries, holds promise for the preparation of high-performance electrocatalysts and solid electrolytes intended for future energy storage.

中文翻译：

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用于宽温柔性锌空气电池的木材衍生铁簇增强不对称单原子催化剂和耐候有机水凝胶


柔性锌空气电池通常受到缓慢的氧电催化、不稳定的电化学界面以及因此限制的工作温度范围的限制。因此，在这项工作中，我们建议使用木材制造宽温柔性锌空气电池。具体来说，木材中的木质素可以转化为铁簇增强的不对称单原子催化剂，充当空气阴极。此外，木材中的纤维素与聚乙烯醇进行互穿聚合以制备有机水凝胶电解质。优化后的催化剂样品表现出优异的氧还原反应性能（E _1/2 = 0.9 V），并赋予锌空气电池在20 mA cm下超过425小时的长期稳定性 ⁻² 。此外，得益于纤维素基有机水凝胶电解质，宽温柔性锌空气电池可以在25°C下稳定循环超过115小时（5 mA cm ⁻² ）。此外，还探讨了这些电池在宽温度范围（-60°C 至 50°C）下的适应性。这种方法，即制造源自木材的宽温柔性锌空气电池，有望制备用于未来储能的高性能电催化剂和固体电解质。