The goal for the next generation of terrestrial reference frames (TRF) is to achieve a 1-mm- and 0.1-mm/yr-accurate frame realization through the combination of reference station solutions by multi-technique geodetic observatories. A potentially significant source of error in TRF realizations is the inter-system ties between the instruments at multi-technique stations, usually independently determined through ground-based local surveying. The quality of local tie surveys is varied and inconsistent, largely due to differences in measurement techniques, surveying instruments, site conditions/geometries, and processing methods. The Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) has tried to address these problems by issuing guidelines for the construction and layout of future multi-technique observatories, promoting uniformity and quality while minimizing existing problems with local surveying that are exacerbated over longer baseline distances. However, not every observatory is going to be able to completely satisfy these guidelines, and in this work, a successful endeavor to satisfy the accuracy goals while exceeding the GGOS baseline guideline is detailed for the McDonald Geodetic Observatory (MGO) in the Davis Mountains of Texas, USA. MGO consists of a VLBI Geodetic Observing System (VGOS), infrastructure in place for a Space Geodesy Satellite Laser Ranging (SGSLR) telescope, and several Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations spanning a 900 m baseline and a 120 m elevation change. The results of the local ties between the GNSS stations across the near-kilometer baseline, as measured from their antenna reference points, show sub-mm precision and 1 mm accuracy validated through repeatability across several surveys conducted in 2021as well as 1 mm consistency with the monthly averaged daily solutions of the GNSS-based positioning. In this paper, we report these results as well as the framework of the surveys with sufficient detail and rigor in order to give confidence to the quality claims and to present the novel design and techniques employed in the procedure, processing, and error-budget analysis, which were determined through iterative research methods across repeated survey campaigns.

下一代地球参考系 (TRF) 的目标是通过多技术大地观测站的参考站解决方案的组合，实现 1 毫米和 0.1 毫米/年精度的参考系。 TRF 实现中潜在的重要误差源是多技术站仪器之间的系统间联系，通常通过地面本地测量独立确定。当地联系调查的质量参差不齐且不一致，很大程度上是由于测量技术、测量仪器、场地条件/几何形状和处理方法的差异。全球大地测量观测系统（GGOS）试图通过发布未来多技术观测站的建设和布局指南来解决这些问题，提高一致性和质量，同时最大限度地减少当地测量中存在的问题，这些问题在基线距离较长时会加剧。然而，并非每个天文台都能完全满足这些准则，在这项工作中，美国戴维斯山的麦克唐纳大地测量天文台 (MGO) 详细介绍了在满足精度目标的同时超过 GGOS 基线准则的成功努力。美国德克萨斯州。 MGO 由 VLBI 大地测量观测系统 (VGOS)、空间大地测量卫星激光测距 (SGSLR) 望远镜的基础设施以及跨越 900 米基线和 120 米高程变化的多个全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 站组成。 从天线参考点测量的近公里基线上 GNSS 站之间的局部联系结果显示，通过 2021 年进行的多次调查的可重复性验证了亚毫米精度和 1 毫米精度，以及与 1 毫米的一致性。基于 GNSS 的定位的月平均日解。在本文中，我们以足够的细节和严谨性报告了这些结果以及调查框架，以便对质量声明充满信心，并展示在程序、处理和误差预算分析中采用的新颖设计和技术，这是通过重复调查活动的迭代研究方法确定的。