The emergence of additive manufacturing (AM) facilitates the fabrication of lightweight mechanical metamaterials characterized by intricate geometrical features. Here, we focus on the contributions of microstructural and structural design to the significant performance enhancement of metamaterials. Cubic plate-lattices featuring spherical holes were produced using laser powder bed fusion. Different from commonly used optimization of AM parameters to change the thermal histories and the resulting properties, we employ a simple strategy inspired by the crystallographic and AM features—tilting the build orientation. Compared to the normal build orientation, the tilted build orientation converts the printed microstructure of the plate-lattices from (100)-dominated to (111)- and (101)-dominated crystallographic texture and significantly refines the grain size, leading to remarkable 30% and 10% increases in the compressive strength and strain of the printed plate-lattices, respectively. For further tailoring the performance of metamaterials, we integrate a wavy plate topology design to improve the isotropy of properties and increase the impact attenuation. Our work paves the way to optimize additively manufactured metamaterials by combining microstructural and structural designs.

中文翻译：

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通过微观结构和结构设计增强机械性能的金属超材料增材制造


增材制造（AM）的出现促进了具有复杂几何特征的轻质机械超材料的制造。在这里，我们重点关注微观结构和结构设计对超材料性能显着增强的贡献。使用激光粉末床熔合生产具有球形孔的立方板晶格。与常用的增材制造参数优化来改变热历史和所得特性不同，我们采用了一种受晶体学和增材制造特征启发的简单策略——倾斜构建方向。与正常构建方向相比，倾斜构建方向将板晶格的打印微观结构从 (100) 主导转变为 (111) 和 (101) 主导晶体织构，并显着细化晶粒尺寸，导致显着的 30印刷板晶格的抗压强度和应变分别增加 % 和 10%。为了进一步定制超材料的性能，我们集成了波板拓扑设计，以提高性能的各向同性并增加冲击衰减。我们的工作为通过结合微观结构和结构设计来优化增材制造超材料铺平了道路。