This article explores the overlooked history and significance of physical relief models in the development of geographical knowledge and education. By examining their use in academic, educational and public settings, it argues for a broader appreciation of these models as integral to the discipline's material culture. Historical debates around their function and purpose are highlighted amidst developments in modelling techniques, materials, and instructional guides. A deeper investigation into the models, their creators, and their influence on geographical learning and public engagement is advocated for and illustrated through the production and impact of the 1951 book The Earth's Crust.

中文翻译：

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造土艺术：将浮雕模型融入英国现代地理学文化


本文探讨了物理地形模型在地理知识和教育发展中被忽视的历史和意义。通过考察它们在学术、教育和公共环境中的使用，它主张对这些模型进行更广泛的评价，将其视为学科物质文化的组成部分。在建模技术、材料和教学指南的发展过程中，围绕其功能和目的的历史争论变得尤为突出。通过 1951 年出版的《地壳》一书的制作和影响，提倡和说明对这些模型、其创建者及其对地理学习和公众参与的影响进行更深入的调查。