This study investigates the effect of chord duration on the relative salience of chord-type and voicing changes. Participants ( N = 111) with varying levels of musical training were presented with sequences of five block chords on the piano and asked to indicate which chord sounded most different. Each sequence consisted of three identical chords and two oddballs, one with a voicing change and one with a chord-type change. All possible chord-type pairings between standard and oddball formed of major, minor, dominant seventh, major seventh, and minor seventh chords were tested. In addition, each sequence of five chords was tested using three chord duration conditions (500, 1,000, and 1,500 ms), and the durations were pseudo-randomized throughout the experiment. Chord-type changes became more salient with longer durations and this effect could be seen for all participants regardless of their levels of musical training. However, with higher level of musical training, chord-type changes became more salient across all duration conditions. Leman’s model of tonal contextuality suggests that the effect of duration in our experiment could be explained by sensory mechanisms related to echoic memory. The potential contribution of other factors to the effect of duration is discussed.

中文翻译：

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和弦时长对和弦类型和发声变化的相对显着性的影响


本研究调查了和弦时长对和弦类型和发声变化的相对显着性的影响。接受过不同音乐训练水平的参与者（N = 111）会在钢琴上看到五个块和弦序列，并被要求指出哪个和弦听起来最不同。每个序列由三个相同的和弦和两个奇怪的和弦组成，一个具有发声变化，另一个具有和弦类型变化。测试了由大调、小调、属七和弦、大七和弦和小七和弦组成的标准和奇怪之间的所有可能的和弦类型配对。此外，五个和弦的每个序列都使用三个和弦持续时间条件（500、1,000 和 1,500 毫秒）进行测试，并且在整个实验过程中持续时间是伪随机的。随着持续时间的延长，和弦类型的变化变得更加明显，无论参与者的音乐训练水平如何，这种效果都可以在所有参与者身上看到。然而，随着音乐训练水平的提高，和弦类型的变化在所有持续时间条件下变得更加明显。莱曼的音调语境模型表明，我们实验中持续时间的影响可以通过与回声记忆相关的感觉机制来解释。讨论了其他因素对持续时间影响的潜在贡献。