Microbial symbionts buffer hosts from the demographic costs of environmental stochasticity,Ecology Letters

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Microbial symbionts buffer hosts from the demographic costs of environmental stochasticity
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-05-24 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.14438
Joshua C Fowler _{1,

2} , Shaun Ziegler ₃ , Kenneth D Whitney ₃ , Jennifer A Rudgers ₃ , Tom E X Miller ₁

Affiliation

Species' persistence in increasingly variable climates will depend on resilience against the fitness costs of environmental stochasticity. Most organisms host microbiota that shield against stressors. Here, we test the hypothesis that, by limiting exposure to temporally variable stressors, microbial symbionts reduce hosts' demographic variance. We parameterized stochastic population models using data from a 14‐year symbiont‐removal experiment including seven grass species that host Epichloë fungal endophytes. Results provide novel evidence that symbiotic benefits arise not only through improved mean fitness, but also through dampened inter‐annual variance. Hosts with “fast” life‐history traits benefited most from symbiont‐mediated demographic buffering. Under current climate conditions, contributions of demographic buffering were modest compared to benefits to mean fitness. However, simulations of increased stochasticity amplified benefits of demographic buffering and made it the more important pathway of host–symbiont mutualism. Microbial‐mediated variance buffering is likely an important, yet cryptic, mechanism of resilience in an increasingly variable world.

中文翻译：

微生物共生体缓冲宿主免受环境随机性的人口成本影响

物种在日益变化的气候中的持久性将取决于对环境随机性适应性成本的恢复能力。大多数生物体都含有抵御压力源的微生物群。在这里，我们测试了这样一个假设：通过限制暴露于暂时变化的压力源，微生物共生体减少了宿主的人口统计差异。我们使用来自 14 年共生体去除实验的数据参数化了随机种群模型，其中包括七种寄生草种埃皮克洛埃内生真菌。结果提供了新的证据，表明共生效益不仅通过提高平均适应性而产生，而且还通过抑制年际方差而产生。具有“快速”生活史特征的宿主从共生体介导的人口统计缓冲中获益最多。在当前的气候条件下，与平均健康度的好处相比，人口缓冲的贡献微乎其微。然而，对随机性增加的模拟放大了人口缓冲的好处，并使其成为宿主-共生体互利共生的更重要途径。在日益变化的世界中，微生物介导的方差缓冲可能是一种重要但神秘的恢复机制。

更新日期：2024-05-24

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