Drawing on the Attention Base View (ABV) theory, this paper examines the adoption of Proactive Environmental Strategies (PES) by formal firms in emerging economies and explores the influence of informal competition. We investigate the moderating effects of contextual factors (number of formal competitors) and firm characteristics (CEO's experience). Using data from the 2019 World Bank Enterprise Survey, we apply a Negative Binomial model to a sample of 7,436 manufacturing firms across 25 emerging economies. Unlike previous evidence, our findings suggest that formal firms facing competition from informal counterparts tend to adopt PES to bolster competitiveness. However, the perception of high formal competition and the CEO's industry experience may reduce PES adoption. This study advances our understanding of PES adoption in emerging economies, emphasizing the significance of informal competition. It also increases the evidence of the ABV approach to environmental strategy research, offering insights for managing environmental challenges in emerging markets.

中文翻译：

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非正规企业的竞争对新兴经济体积极环境战略的影响


本文借鉴注意力基础观（ABV）理论，研究了新兴经济体正规企业对主动环境策略（PES）的采用情况，并探讨了非正规竞争的影响。我们研究了背景因素（正式竞争对手的数量）和公司特征（首席执行官的经验）的调节作用。使用 2019 年世界银行企业调查的数据，我们将负二项式模型应用于 25 个新兴经济体的 7,436 家制造企业的样本。与之前的证据不同，我们的研究结果表明，面临非正规企业竞争的正规企业倾向于采用 PES 来增强竞争力。然而，高度正式竞争的认知和首席执行官的行业经验可能会减少 PES 的采用。这项研究加深了我们对新兴经济体采用 PES 的理解，强调了非正式竞争的重要性。它还增加了 ABV 环境战略研究方法的证据，为管理新兴市场的环境挑战提供了见解。