Soil erosion represents a primary threat to soil systems with adverse implications for ecosystem services, crop production, potable water and carbon storage. While numerous studies have quantified the spatial distribution of aboveground Biomass (AGB), soil erosion and soil organic carbon (SOC) in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), limited attention has been given to assessing the contributions of different land use types and especially crop types to AGB, soil erosion and SOC. In most studies, cropland is taken as a land use class, while detailed crop types and rotation patterns, and their effect on soil erosion and SOC, vary significantly. In this study, we used the Metronamica model to generate a detailed crop rotation and distribution map across the YRB and subsequently employed the Pan‐European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment (PESERA) model to simulate the spatial distribution of AGB, soil erosion and SOC on a monthly basis. PESERA model simulations indicate an average soil erosion rate across the entire YRB of 7.7 ton/ha/yr, with erosion hotspots concentrated in the Sichuan Basin and the central‐southern regions. The southwestern region and western Sichuan show elevated levels of AGB and SOC, while the eastern plains display lower levels. Erosion rates are lowest in areas designated as artificial land, pasture and grassland, whereas croplands and fruit tree plantations experience the highest erosion rates. In terms of crop types, the highest erosion rates and lowest AGB are observed under fallow and potato cultivation, while the lowest erosion rates and highest AGB are found in rice‐wheat rotation fields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study taking detailed crop types and patterns into account while evaluating their effect at a relatively large scale (i.e., YRB). These findings can help to develop sustainable soil management and (cropping) conservation strategies.

中文翻译：

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利用长江流域详细作物图和 PESERA 模型量化地上生物量、土壤有机碳和侵蚀


土壤侵蚀是土壤系统的主要威胁，对生态系统服务、作物生产、饮用水和碳储存产生不利影响。虽然大量研究量化了长江流域（YRB）地上生物量（AGB）、土壤侵蚀和土壤有机碳（SOC）的空间分布，但对评估不同土地利用类型，特别是农作物的贡献的关注有限。类型为 AGB、土壤侵蚀和 SOC。在大多数研究中，农田被视为土地利用类别，而详细的作物类型和轮作模式及其对土壤侵蚀和有机碳的影响差异很大。在本研究中，我们使用 Metronamica 模型生成了整个 YRB 的详细作物轮作和分布图，随后采用泛欧土壤侵蚀风险评估 (PESERA) 模型来模拟 AGB、土壤侵蚀和 SOC 的空间分布。按月。 PESERA模型模拟显示，整个长江流域土壤侵蚀速率平均为7.7吨/公顷/年，侵蚀热点集中在四川盆地和中南地区。西南地区和川西地区AGB和SOC水平较高，东部平原地区较低。指定为人工土地、牧场和草地的地区侵蚀率最低，而农田和果树种植园的侵蚀率最高。就作物类型而言，侵蚀率最高、AGB最低的是休耕和马铃薯种植，而侵蚀率最低、AGB最高的是稻麦轮作田。据我们所知，这是第一项在相对较大规模（即，在评估其影响的同时）考虑详细作物类型和模式的研究。，YRB）。这些发现有助于制定可持续的土壤管理和（种植）保护策略。