To meet high data rate requirements of future wireless communication systems, there is a need for advanced communication technologies that could be used in combination with existing wireless RF technologies. Recently, optical wireless communication (OWC) has been extensively investigated as an attractive alternate technology to RF. OWC uses the optical carrier to convey data, with wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR) to visible light. In the past years, there is a spike in interest over optical scattering communications (OSCs) employing UV wavelengths, thanks to the recent advances and rapid developments in deep UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, and solar-blind UV filters and detectors. The unique atmospheric scattering and absorption properties of the deep UV band, which is solar-blind at the ground level, are the motivation for the recent development of the OSC systems. However, there is a clear gap in the existing literature that the OSC systems are yet to be systematically surveyed for their applicability to future wireless communications. In this context, this paper bridges the gap by providing the first contemporary and comprehensive survey on recent and new advancements in the OSCs, commonly known as UV communications. In summary, this survey is expected to provide a largely missing articulation between various aspects of UV communications. To be easy to follow, we commence our discourse by surveying the propagation concepts and historic evolution of UV communication systems. Next, we provide a detailed survey on UV channel modeling because accurate channel characterization is important for efficient system design and performance optimization of UV communication systems. We discuss various UV channel characterization efforts thus far made. Then, we present a classification to analyze current OSC system designs. Importantly, we survey recent advancements in the NLOS UV communication systems that include the application of artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks, game theory, orbital angular momentum, etc. Moreover, we conduct a comprehensive survey on recently documented UV-based indoor communication systems. Finally, we point out several key issues yet to be addressed and collate potentially interesting and challenging topics for future research. This survey is aptly featured by in-depth discussion and analysis of UV communication systems in various aspects, many of which, to the best of authors’ knowledge, are the first time presented in this field.

中文翻译：

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光散射通信综合综述：当前研究、新趋势和未来愿景


为了满足未来无线通信系统的高数据速率要求，需要能够与现有无线射频技术结合使用的先进通信技术。最近，光无线通信 (OWC) 作为一种有吸引力的 RF 替代技术得到了广泛的研究。 OWC 使用光学载体传输数据，波长范围从紫外线 (UV) 到红外线 (IR) 再到可见光。在过去几年中，由于深紫外发光二极管 (LED)、激光二极管和日盲紫外滤光片的最新进展和快速发展，人们对采用紫外波长的光散射通信 (OSC) 的兴趣激增和探测器。深紫外波段独特的大气散射和吸收特性（在地面上是日盲的）是 OSC 系统最近发展的动力。然而，现有文献中存在一个明显的空白，即 OSC 系统尚未对其在未来无线通信中的适用性进行系统的调查。在此背景下，本文通过对 OSC（通常称为紫外线通信）的最新进展和新进展提供第一个当代全面的调查来弥补这一差距。总之，这项调查预计将提供紫外线通信各个方面之间很大程度上缺失的联系。为了便于理解，我们通过调查紫外线通信系统的传播概念和历史演变来开始我们的讨论。接下来，我们对 UV 通道建模进行详细的调查，因为准确的通道表征对于 UV 通信系统的高效系统设计和性能优化非常重要。 我们讨论了迄今为止所做的各种 UV 通道表征工作。然后，我们提出一个分类来分析当前的 OSC 系统设计。重要的是，我们调查了非视距紫外通信系统的最新进展，包括人工智能、人工神经网络、博弈论、轨道角动量等的应用。此外，我们对最近记录的基于紫外的室内通信系统进行了全面的调查。最后，我们指出了几个尚待解决的关键问题，并为未来的研究整理了潜在有趣和具有挑战性的主题。本次调查的特点是从各个方面对紫外通信系统进行了深入的讨论和分析，据作者所知，其中许多内容是该领域的首次提出。