Biological production of hydrogen has a tremendous potential as an environmentally sustainable technology to generate a clean fuel. Among the different available methods to produce biohydrogen, dark fermentation features the highest productivity and can be used as a means to dispose of organic waste biomass. Within this approach, Clostridia have the highest theoretical H production yield. Nonetheless, most strains show actual yields far lower than the theoretical maximum: improving their efficiency becomes necessary for achieving cost-effective fermentation processes. This review aims at providing a survey of the metabolic network involved in H generation in Clostridia and strategies used to improve it through metabolic engineering. Together with current achievements, a number of future perspectives to implement these results will be illustrated.

中文翻译：

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梭菌的产氢途径及其通过代谢工程的改进


生物制氢作为一种环境可持续技术，具有生产清洁燃料的巨大潜力。在生产生物氢的不同可用方法中，暗发酵具有最高的生产率，并且可以用作处理有机废生物质的手段。在这种方法中，梭菌具有最高的理论产氢率。尽管如此，大多数菌株的实际产量远低于理论最大值：提高其效率对于实现具有成本效益的发酵过程至关重要。本综述旨在对梭菌中参与 H 生成的代谢网络进行调查，并提供通过代谢工程改进该网络的策略。与当前的成就一起，将阐述实施这些成果的一些未来前景。