Scholars have found that many new multiuse trails are associated with neighborhood change like gentrification. However, gentrification of adjacent, gentrifiable neighborhoods is not universal, and studies of localized effects of trails are needed. This study documents gentrification and upgrading in both gentrifiable and non-gentrifiable neighborhoods along three multiuse trails funded and opened in large U.S. cities (Memphis, TN; New Orleans, LA; Washington D.C.) between 1993 and 2015. We use a case-control, pre-post design with models, incorporating for the control group selection, to test the announcement and opening effects in neighborhoods adjacent to these trails. We document heterogeneity and complexity of neighborhood change both within and across these trail corridors. When pooling the three trails, we find evidence of opening effects but little evidence of announcement effects in gentrifiable neighborhoods, and some evidence of both effects in non-gentrifiable neighborhoods. Our trail-specific analyses indicate that gentrification occurred in some, but not all, trail corridors and gentrifiable neighborhoods. Evidence indicates gentrification in trail corridors may not result solely from announcement/opening effects, but may be initiated or accelerated by the upgrading in surrounding non-gentrifiable neighborhoods following trail announcement and opening. Additionally, the gentrification process may also involve the encroachment of white residents into minority (i.e., predominantly Black), gentrifiable neighborhoods. Policymakers, planners, and advocates working to build green infrastructure like trails need to consider the complexities of local context when developing strategies to mitigate adverse consequences of gentrification and displacement.

中文翻译：

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多用途步道、绅士化和邻里变化的异质性


学者们发现，许多新的多用途步道与高档化等社区变化有关。然而，邻近的、可绅士化的社区的绅士化并不普遍，需要研究小径的局部影响。本研究记录了 1993 年至 2015 年间美国大城市（田纳西州孟菲斯、路易斯安那州新奥尔良、华盛顿特区）资助和开放的三条多用途步道沿线的士绅化和非士绅化社区的士绅化和升级。模型的前期设计，纳入对照组的选择，以测试这些步道邻近社区的公告和开放效果。我们记录了这些步道走廊内部和之间邻里变化的异质性和复杂性。当汇集这三个路径时，我们发现了开放效应的证据，但在绅士化社区中几乎没有证据表明公告效应，并且在非绅士化社区中发现了两种效应的一些证据。我们针对特定步道的分析表明，中产阶级化发生在一些（但不是全部）步道走廊和中产阶级社区。有证据表明，步道走廊的绅士化可能不仅仅源于公告/开放效应，而是可能由步道公告和开放后周围非绅士化社区的升级而引发或加速。此外，士绅化过程还可能涉及白人居民侵入少数族裔（即以黑人为主）士绅化社区。致力于建设步道等绿色基础设施的政策制定者、规划者和倡导者在制定减轻中产阶级化和流离失所的不利后果的战略时需要考虑当地环境的复杂性。