Agri-food systems in rural areas are increasingly dependent on collective and participatory actions to preserve traditional production and local agro-ecosystems. The deployment of digital technologies is expected to play a role in this context, provided that an integrated use of these tools is pursued. The paper analyses the characteristics of an integrated strategy of digitalisation led by a collective organisation, integrating the perspective of the Socio-Cyber-Physical System (SCPS) in the agri-food system. The aim is to reveal how the digitalisation process shapes and impacts on the governance of collective actions in a scenario of ecological transition. This case study examines the production system and Consortium for the protection of PDO Parmigiano Reggiano cheese, using the Institutional Analysis and Development framework. Evidence from official documents, direct observations, semi-structured interviews, and focus group are used to identify action situations and their connections. The paper allows us to identify a network of applications of digital tools, adopted in different business areas of a complex organisation such as the Parmigiano Reggiano Consortium and its production system. This network of integrated business functions can be seen as the hallmark of the digitalisation strategy elaborated by this Consortium at the intersection with the surrounding social and physical domains, strengthening the embeddedness in the PR production system. However, some obstacles and drawbacks of this strategy also emerged, such as a marginal integration with the ecological transition. This research makes a valuable contribution to the process of identifying the fundamental elements of the digital network that represents the digitalisation strategy of the Parmigiano Reggiano production system. It is important to address any existing limitations and emerging conflicts in order to guarantee effective quality monitoring and traceability of the cheese without any prejudice for the natural resources of the PR production area. This must be done in a way that does not compromise the distinctive production processes that are deeply rooted in local traditions and require specialised, labour-intensive techniques.

中文翻译：

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农业食品系统中的数字化策略：原产地保护帕尔马干酪 (Parmigiano Reggiano) 的案例


农村地区的农业食品系统越来越依赖集体和参与性行动来保护传统生产和当地农业生态系统。如果追求对这些工具的综合使用，数字技术的部署预计将在这方面发挥作用。本文分析了由集体组织领导的数字化综合战略的特征，将社会网络物理系统（SCPS）的视角融入农业食品系统。目的是揭示数字化过程如何塑造和影响生态转型场景中的集体行动治理。本案例研究利用制度分析和发展框架，研究了保护 PDO Parmigiano Reggiano 奶酪的生产系统和联盟。来自官方文件、直接观察、半结构化访谈和焦点小组的证据用于确定行动情境及其联系。该论文使我们能够识别数字工具应用程序网络，这些工具在复杂组织的不同业务领域（例如 Parmigiano Reggiano Consortium 及其生产系统）中采用。这种集成业务功能的网络可以被视为该联盟在与周围社会和物理领域交叉点制定的数字化战略的标志，从而加强了公关制作系统的嵌入性。然而，这一战略也出现了一些障碍和弊端，例如与生态转型的边际融合。 这项研究对识别代表帕马森雷吉亚诺生产系统数字化战略的数字网络基本要素的过程做出了宝贵的贡献。重要的是要解决任何现有的限制和新出现的冲突，以保证奶酪的有效质量监控和可追溯性，同时不损害 PR 产区的自然资源。这样做的方式必须不损害深深扎根于当地传统并需要专门的劳动密集型技术的独特生产流程。