One of the most facts about crime is that it concentrates at a few proprietary places: addresses, facilities, and land parcels. Do these crime-places radiate crime into their surroundings? Intuitively, crime radiation seems likely. And it may come in three forms: radiation from facilities that do not contain crime but make their environments crime-prone (cold dot radiation); radiation from facilities containing a great deal of crime (hot dot radiation); and radiation from places containing consensual illegitimate activity that direct offender foraging (veiled dot radiation). If radiation is common, then addressing crime-provoking places is essential for crime reduction. But researchers (with one exception) have not addressed crime radiation directly. There are three bodies of research which may provide indirect evidence of radiation: 1) the land use and crime research; 2) the near repeat victimization studies, and 3) the diffusion of crime control benefits research. We conducted narrative reviews of each to determine if radiation is likely. Each review shows evidence consistent with crime radiation. But each review reveals uncertainty about whether it is radiation or something else creating the findings. We conclude by offering a set of hypotheses for direct tests of the radiation conjecture.

中文翻译：

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地方犯罪会留在地方吗？三篇叙述评论中的犯罪辐射证据


关于犯罪的最重要事实之一是，犯罪集中在一些专有地点：地址、设施和地块。这些犯罪场所是否会将犯罪辐射到周围环境？直觉上，犯罪辐射似乎是有可能的。它可能以三种形式出现：来自不遏制犯罪但使其环境易于犯罪的设施的辐射（冷点辐射）；来自含有大量犯罪的设施的辐射（热点辐射）；来自含有双方同意的非法活动、引导犯罪者觅食的地方的辐射（隐蔽点辐射）。如果辐射很常见，那么解决引发犯罪的地方对于减少犯罪至关重要。但研究人员（除了一个例外）尚未直接解决犯罪辐射问题。有三个研究机构可以提供辐射的间接证据：1）土地利用和犯罪研究； 2) 近乎重复受害研究，以及 3) 犯罪控制效益扩散研究。我们对每个事件进行了叙述性审查，以确定是否有可能发生辐射。每项审查都显示与犯罪辐射一致的证据。但每项评论都揭示了不确定性，即是否是辐射或其他因素造成了这些发现。最后，我们提供了一组用于直接检验辐射猜想的假设。