Introduction Fall prevention is a global health priority. Strength and balance exercise programmes are effective at reducing falls. Emerging literature suggests dance is an enjoyable and sociable form of exercise. However, there is little evidence that dance reduces fall incidence. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis examining effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of dance for falls prevention in older adults. Five databases were searched with no restrictions on publication date or intervention settings. Risk of bias was assessed using variants of Cochrane Risk of bias tools, Mixed-Methods Appraisal and Drummond checklist as appropriate. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results Forty-one studies were included (19 RCTs, 13 quasi-experimental, two mixed-method, seven observational studies, 2,451 participants). Five types of dance interventions were identified: ballroom and Latin dance, dance exercise, cultural dance, dance therapy, and low-impact dance. Meta-analysis was only possible for functional outcome measures: Timed-Up-and-Go (dance versus usual care, mean difference (MD) = 1.36; 95% CI −3.57 to 0.85), Sit-to-Stand (dance versus exercise MD = −0.85; 95% CI −2.64 to 0.93: dance versus education MD = −1.64; 95% CI −4.12 to 0.85), Berg Balance Scale (dance versus usual care MD = 0.61; 95% CI −4.26 to 5.47). There was unexplained variance in effects and no significant differences between intervention and control groups. Overall, certainty of evidence was very low; we are uncertain about the effect of dance interventions in reducing falls. Conclusions There is very low certainty evidence for dance as an alternative to strength and balance training if the aim is to prevent falls. No robust evidence on the cost-effectiveness of dance interventions for the prevention of falls was found. PROSPERO registration CRD42022382908.

中文翻译：

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舞蹈干预对预防老年人跌倒的有效性：系统评价和荟萃分析


简介 预防跌倒是全球健康的首要任务。力量和平衡锻炼计划可以有效减少跌倒。新兴文献表明舞蹈是一种令人愉快且社交的锻炼形式。然而，几乎没有证据表明舞蹈可以降低跌倒发生率。方法 系统评价和荟萃分析检查舞蹈预防老年人跌倒的有效性和成本效益。检索了五个数据库，对发布日期或干预设置没有限制。酌情使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具、混合方法评估和 Drummond 检查表的变体来评估偏倚风险。使用 GRADE 评估证据的质量。结果 纳入 41 项研究（19 项 RCT、13 项准实验、2 项混合方法、7 项观察性研究、2,451 名受试者）。确定了五种类型的舞蹈干预措施：交谊舞和拉丁舞、舞蹈练习、文化舞蹈、舞蹈治疗和低影响舞蹈。荟萃分析仅适用于功能性结果测量：计时起立（舞蹈与常规护理，平均差 (MD) = 1.36；95% CI -3.57 至 0.85）、坐立（舞蹈与运动） MD = -0.85；95% CI -2.64 至 0.93：舞蹈与教育 MD = -1.64；95% CI -4.12 至 0.85），Berg 平衡量表（舞蹈与常规护理 MD = 0.61；95% CI -4.26 至 5.47） 。干预组和对照组之间的效果存在无法解释的差异，并且没有显着差异。总体而言，证据的质量非常低；我们不确定舞蹈干预对于减少跌倒的效果。结论 如果目的是防止跌倒，那么舞蹈可以替代力量和平衡训练的证据质量非常低。 没有发现有力的证据证明舞蹈干预对于预防跌倒的成本效益。 PROSPERO 注册号 CRD42022382908。