Insomnia treatment among individuals with comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea is suboptimal. In a pilot randomized controlled trial, 19 individuals with comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea were allocated to one of two arms: EX + EX, consisting of two 8-week phases of exercise training (EX), or RE + CBTiEX, encompassing 8 weeks of relaxation training (RE) followed by 8 weeks of combined cognitive-behavioral therapy and exercise (CBTiEX). Outcomes included Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), polysomnography, and cardiorespiratory fitness measures. A mixed-model analysis of variance revealed a Group × Time interaction on peak oxygen consumption change, F(1, 14) = 10.1, p = .007, and EX increased peak oxygen consumption (p = .03, g′ = −0.41) and reduced ISI (p = .001, g′ = 0.82) compared with RE (p = .49, g = 0.16) post-8 weeks. Post-16 weeks, there was a significant Group × Time interaction (p = .014) driven by RE + CBTiEX yielding a larger improvement in ISI (p = .023, g′ = 1.48) than EX + EX (p = .88, g′ < 0.1). Objective sleep was unchanged. This study showed promising effects of regular EX alone and combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia on ISI in comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea.

患有失眠和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停共病的个体的失眠治疗效果不佳。在一项试点随机对照试验中，19 名患有失眠和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停共病的个体被分配到两组中的一组：EX + EX，由两个为期 8 周的运动训练阶段 (EX) 组成，或 RE + CBTiEX，涵盖 8 周放松训练 (RE)，随后进行 8 周的认知行为联合治疗和运动 (CBTiEX)。结果包括失眠严重指数 (ISI)、多导睡眠图和心肺健康测量。混合模型方差分析揭示了组 × 时间对峰值耗氧量变化的交互作用， F (1, 14) = 10.1, p = .007，EX 增加了峰值耗氧量 ( p = .03, g ′ = -0.41 ）并与 8 周后 RE（ p = .49， g = 0.16）相比降低了 ISI（ p = .001， g ′ = 0.82）。 16 周后，RE + CBTiEX 驱动的组 × 时间交互作用 ( p = .014) 比 EX + EX ( p = .88) 产生更大的 ISI 改善 ( p = .023, g ′ = 1.48) , g ′ < 0.1)。客观睡眠没有变化。这项研究表明，单独使用常规 EX 以及联合认知行为疗法治疗失眠，对共病失眠和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的 ISI 具有良好的效果。