This study examined the development of empathic care across three generations in a sample of 184 adolescents in the United States (99 female, 85 male; 58% White, 29% African American, 8% mixed race/ethnicity, 5% other groups), followed from their family of origin at age 13 into their parenting years (through their mid-30s). Mothers' empathic support toward adolescents at age 13 predicted teens' empathy for close friends across adolescence (13–19 years). Participants' empathic support for friends in late adolescence predicted more supportive parenting behavior in adulthood, which in turn was associated with their children's empathy at age 3–8 years. Results suggest that individuals “pay forward” the empathic care they receive from parents, and that skills developed in adolescent friendships may inform later parenting.

中文翻译：

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三代人的同理心：从青春期的母体和同伴支持到成年后的育儿和儿童结局


这项研究调查了美国 184 名青少年样本（99 名女性，85 名男性;58% 白人，29% 非裔美国人，8% 混血/族裔，5% 其他群体）的三代人同理心护理的发展，从他们的原生家庭到 13 岁到他们的育儿年龄（到 30 多岁）。母亲在 13 岁时对青少年的同理心支持预测了青少年在整个青春期（13-19 岁）对亲密朋友的同理心。参与者在青春期后期对朋友的同理心支持预示着成年后会有更多的支持性养育行为，这反过来又与他们的孩子在 3-8 岁时的同理心有关。结果表明，个体“转发”他们从父母那里得到的同理心照顾，并且在青少年友谊中培养的技能可能会为以后的育儿提供信息。