Pesticides safeguard crop health but may diminish cholinesterase activity in farmers, potentially leading to psychiatric disorders like depression and suicide attempts. This study, with 453 participants (225 pesticide-exposed farmers, 228 non-farmers) in Almería, Spain, aimed to investigate the presence of depressive symptoms and suicide attempts, the decrease acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity, and their relationship with pesticide exposure in farmers. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Spanish adaptation of the Beck Depression Inventory, and blood samples were analyzed for AChE and BChE activity. Farmers showed significantly increased risk of moderate/severe depression and suicide attempts compared to non-farmers (OR = 2.18; p = 0.001), with highest risks observed among mancozeb users (OR = 2.76; p = 0.001 for depression) and malathion users (OR = 3.50; p = 0.001 for suicide attempts). Findings emphasize elevated depression and suicide risks among pesticide-exposed farmers, particularly associated with chlorpyrifos, mancozeb, and malathion exposure.

中文翻译：

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接触农药的农民的抑郁症状和自杀企图


农药可以保护作物健康，但可能会降低农民的胆碱酯酶活性，从而可能导致抑郁症和自杀未遂等精神疾病。这项研究由西班牙阿尔梅里亚的 453 名参与者（225 名接触农药的农民和 228 名非农民）参与，旨在调查抑郁症状和自杀企图的存在、乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 和丁酰胆碱酯酶 (BChE) 活性的降低及其影响与农民农药暴露的关系。使用西班牙版贝克抑郁量表评估抑郁症状，并分析血液样本的 AChE 和 BChE 活性。与非农民相比，农民患中度/重度抑郁症和自杀未遂的风险显着增加（OR = 2.18；p = 0.001），其中代森锰锌使用者（OR = 2.76；抑郁症 p = 0.001）和马拉硫磷使用者中观察到的风险最高（OR = 2.76；p = 0.001）。对于自杀未遂，OR = 3.50；p = 0.001）。研究结果强调，接触农药的农民抑郁症和自杀风险较高，特别是与毒死蜱、代森锰锌和马拉硫磷接触有关。