Intimate partner or marital/spousal rape is a phenomenon with unique characteristics and dynamics. Furthermore, it is an under-explored, under-defined, under-reported, and widely tolerated phenomenon. Gender-based violence and intimate partner violence are the main topics of the present study. The study aimed at exploring the trends in reported intimate partner and marital/spousal rape, within the wider context of reported domestic violence during the years 2020 and 2021 in Greece. Statistical analysis has not indicated positive correlation between the rate of reported domestic violence per year and the rate of reported domestic rape per year, with the former following an upward trend and the latter maintaining an almost steady course. Similarly, the rate of reported victims of intimate partner rape per year remained almost stable within in the 2 years. Importantly however, in 2021, the rate of reported victims of marital rape per year increased remarkably compared to 2020. In 2021, the rates of reported domestic violence per month and reported domestic rape per month indicated remarkable increase over the period May to December 2021. Notwithstanding, the rates mentioned above remained almost stable over the year 2020, showing an upward trend during the summer months. In August 2020 and 2021 the abovementioned rates reached their peak. In both years, the vast majority of victims of domestic rape were females, mostly between 30 and 45 years of age. The present study indicated an increase in rates of reported domestic violence and reported domestic rape per month after the lockdowns, especially after the second long-lasting lockdown that ended in May 2021. This increase, however, might be only apparent. Further research is needed to study the epidemiology of intimate partner and marital rape over a much longer timespan to provide further insight into the dynamics surrounding a public health concern.

中文翻译：

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2020 年和 2021 年两年期亲密伴侣强奸和婚姻/配偶强奸的新趋势，包括希腊的 COVID-19 大流行


亲密伴侣或婚姻/配偶强奸是一种具有独特特征和动态的现象。此外，它是一种未被充分探索、未被充分定义、未被充分报告且被广泛容忍的现象。基于性别的暴力和亲密伴侣暴力是本研究的主要主题。该研究旨在在 2020 年和 2021 年希腊报告的家庭暴力的更广泛背景下，探讨报告的亲密伴侣和婚内/配偶强奸的趋势。统计分析并未表明每年家庭暴力举报率与每年家庭强奸举报率之间没有正相关关系，前者呈上升趋势，而后者则几乎保持稳定。同样，每年报告的亲密伴侣强奸受害者的比率在两年内几乎保持稳定。但重要的是，2021年，每年报告的婚内强奸受害者的比率与2020年相比显着增加。2021年，每月报告的家庭暴力和每月报告的家庭强奸的比率表明，2021年5月至12月期间显着增加。尽管如此，上述费率在 2020 年几乎保持稳定，在夏季呈上升趋势。上述比率在2020年8月和2021年达到峰值。这两年，家庭强奸的绝大多数受害者都是女性，大多年龄在 30 岁至 45 岁之间。目前的研究表明，封锁后，尤其是在 2021 年 5 月结束的第二次长期封锁之后，每月报告的家庭暴力和家庭强奸的比率有所增加。然而，这种增加可能只是表面上的。 需要进一步研究在更长的时间内研究亲密伴侣和婚内强奸的流行病学，以进一步了解围绕公共卫生问题的动态。