Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is one of the most abundant ices in the Solar System. It has been detected in giant planet atmospheres and on their moons, on and around comets, and even in regions of Mercury, the Moon and Mars. However, despite formation in the coldest regions of the protoplanetary disk, CO₂ has not previously been detected throughout the trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Furthermore, carbon monoxide (CO) was detected to be present on the surface of only the largest TNOs. Out of 59 TNOs and centaurs observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the NIRSpec Integral Field Unit as part of the DiSCo-TNOs project (PID 2418), we report the widespread detection of CO₂ ice in 95% of the sample and CO ice in 47% of the sample. CO is predominantly found in objects where the abundance of CO₂ is higher. The abundance and characteristics of these ices suggest the prevalence of at least two types of TNO surfaces. The differences in compositions between these groups can be attributed to different formation regions in the protoplanetary disk, where the ability to accrete or maintain the CO₂ ice played a major role in the subsequent evolution of TNO surfaces. Although the nature of the CO remains elusive, its correlation with an augmented abundance of CO₂ suggests a potential production mechanism involving the irradiation of carbon-bearing ices.

二氧化碳（CO ₂ ）是太阳系中最丰富的冰之一。人们已经在巨大行星的大气层、卫星、彗星及其周围，甚至水星、月球和火星的区域中检测到了它。然而，尽管 CO ₂ 形成于原行星盘最冷的区域，但此前尚未在跨海王星天体 (TNO) 中检测到。此外，检测到一氧化碳 (CO) 仅存在于最大的 TNO 表面。作为 DiSCo-TNOs 项目 (PID 2418) 的一部分，詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜 (JWST) 和 NIRSpec 整体现场装置观测到的 59 个 TNO 和半人马星中，我们报告了广泛检测到的 CO ₂ 冰95% 的样品中含有 CO 冰，47% 的样品中含有 CO 冰。 CO 主要存在于 CO ₂ 丰度较高的物体中。这些冰的丰度和特征表明至少存在两种​​类型的海天氮表面。这些群体之间的成分差异可归因于原行星盘中不同的形成区域，其中吸积或维持 CO ₂ 冰的能力在 TNO 表面的后续演化中发挥了重要作用。尽管 CO 的性质仍然难以捉摸，但它与 CO ₂ 丰度增加的相关性表明了一种涉及含碳冰辐照的潜在生产机制。