Background The objective of this study is to utilize Mendelian randomization to scrutinize the mutual causality between migraine and venous thromboembolism (VTE) thereby addressing the heterogeneity and inconsistency that were observed in prior observational studies concerning the potential interrelation of the two conditions.

Methods Employing a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach, the study explored the link between migraine and VTE, incorporating participants of European descent from a large-scale meta-analysis. An inverse-variance weighted (IVW) regression model, with random-effects, leveraging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables was utilized to endorse the mutual causality between migraine and VTE. SNP heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's Q-test and to account for multiple testing, correction was implemented using the intercept of the MR-Egger method, and a leave-one-out analysis.

Results The IVW model unveiled a statistically considerable causal link between migraine and the development of VTE (odds ratio [OR] = 96.155, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.342–2129.458, p = 0.004), implying that migraine poses a strong risk factor for VTE development. Conversely, both IVW and simple model outcomes indicated that VTE poses as a weaker risk factor for migraine (IVW OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.000–1.004, p = 0.016). The MR-Egger regression analysis denoted absence of evidence for genetic pleiotropy among the SNPs while the durability of our Mendelian randomization results was vouched by the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion The findings of this Mendelian randomization assessment provide substantiation for a reciprocal causative association between migraine and VTE within the European population.

背景本研究的目的是利用孟德尔随机化来仔细检查偏头痛和静脉血栓栓塞 (VTE) 之间的相互因果关系，从而解决先前观察性研究中观察到的关于两种疾病潜在相互关系的异质性和不一致问题。

方法该研究采用双向孟德尔随机化方法，探讨了偏头痛和静脉血栓栓塞之间的联系，纳入了大规模荟萃分析中的欧洲血统参与者。利用具有随机效应的逆方差加权 (IVW) 回归模型，利用单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 作为工具变量来支持偏头痛和 VTE 之间的相互因果关系。使用 Cochran 的 Q 检验评估 SNP 异质性，并考虑多重检验，使用 MR-Egger 方法的截距和留一分析进行校正。

结果IVW 模型揭示了偏头痛与 VTE 发生之间存在统计学上相当大的因果关系（比值比 [OR] = 96.155，95% 置信区间 [CI]：4.342–2129.458， p = 0.004），这意味着偏头痛具有很强的风险VTE 发展的因素。相反，IVW 和简单模型结果均表明 VTE 是偏头痛的较弱危险因素（IVW OR = 1.002，95% CI：1.000–1.004， p = 0.016）。 MR-Egger 回归分析表明，SNP 之间缺乏遗传多效性的证据，而我们的孟德尔随机化结果的持久性得到了留一敏感性分析的保证。

结论孟德尔随机化评估的结果证实了欧洲人群中偏头痛和 VTE 之间存在相互因果关系。