This paper describes the evaluation of petrographic textures in char and activated carbon derived from coal, coal by-products and biomass, formed during carbonization and activation processes. This work represents the results of interlaboratory exercises from 2016 to 2022 of the Microscopy of Carbon Materials Working Group in Commission III of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology. The interlaboratory exercises were run on photomicrograph samples. For textural characterization of carbon materials, the existing American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) classification system for metallurgical coke was applied. Morphological differences were evaluated in 29 carbon material types, including 22 char samples, and 7 activated carbon (AC) samples obtained experimentally using conventional direct/indirect and microwave heating technologies. This approach gives an extended view on the identification of microporous carbons, and how a certain heat treatment develops a certain optical texture and structure in a raw material. The requested evaluation of carbon materials was related to their porosity, origin, extent, and characteristics, which are particular to each carbon material type. Because carbon matrices can form a wide range of optical textures during heat treatment it is important to demonstrate which carbon occurrences will have a crucial role in industrial applications dominated by adsorption phenomena.

中文翻译：

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通过对煤炭和生物质原料（包括其废物）进行热处理而获得的焦炭和活性炭的结构和形态：来自 ICCP 碳材料显微镜工作组的结果


本文描述了对源自煤炭、煤炭副产品和生物质、在碳化和活化过程中形成的焦炭和活性炭的岩相结构的评估。这项工作代表了国际煤炭和有机岩石学委员会第三委员会碳材料显微镜工作组 2016 年至 2022 年实验室间演习的结果。实验室间练习是在显微照片样本上进行的。对于碳材料的结构表征，应用了现有的美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）冶金焦分类系统。对 29 种碳材料类型的形态差异进行了评估，包括 22 种炭样品和 7 种使用传统直接/间接和微波加热技术通过实验获得的活性炭 (AC) 样品。这种方法为微孔碳的识别以及特定的热处理如何在原材料中形成特定的光学纹理和结构提供了扩展的视角。所要求的碳材料评估与其孔隙率、来源、范围和特性有关，这些都是每种碳材料类型所特有的。由于碳基体在热处理过程中可以形成各种光学结构，因此证明哪些碳的存在将在以吸附现象为主的工业应用中发挥至关重要的作用非常重要。