Using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as biopesticides and biofertilizers is becoming an increasingly popular sustainable practice. However, there are significant limitations associated with these practices, which can be minimized through nanotechnology. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in improving the efficacy of PGPB in soybeans. We assessed the physiological and biochemical parameters in soybean seedlings treated with different combinations of PGPB and IONPs. Our results showed that adding IONPs to soybean seed improves seed vigor and early seedling development, suggesting a synergy between IONPs and PGPB. The seed vigor percentage in the treatment IONP 300 mg kg⁻¹ + PGPB was 45% higher than that in IONP 300 mg kg⁻¹ − PGPB. The addition of IONP also improve the root length in 98%. The absence of lipid peroxidation indicates no damage to the cell membrane with the addition of IONPs. Furthermore, the low modulation of the enzymatic antioxidant system highlights the non-oxidative pattern of the treatment. This synergy between IONPs, PGPB, and soybean plants could result from the action of iron in improving the physiological functions of both the plant and the bacteria.

中文翻译：

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氧化铁纳米粒子作为促进细菌生长的增强剂：开发纳米生物肥料的一步

使用植物促生长细菌（PGPB）作为生物农药和生物肥料正在成为一种越来越流行的可持续做法。然而，这些做法存在很大的局限性，可以通过纳米技术将其最小化。本研究旨在评估氧化铁纳米粒子（IONP）在提高大豆中 PGPB 功效方面的效率。我们评估了用不同的 PGPB 和 IONP 组合处理的大豆幼苗的生理和生化参数。我们的结果表明，在大豆种子中添加 IONP 可提高种子活力和早期幼苗发育，表明 IONP 和 PGPB 之间具有协同作用。 IONP 300 mg kg ^-1 + PGPB处理的种子活力百分比比IONP 300 mg kg ^-1 - PGPB处理高45% 。添加IONP还可使根长提高98%。不存在脂质过氧化表明添加 IONP 不会对细胞膜造成损害。此外，酶抗氧化系统的低调节凸显了治疗的非氧化模式。 IONP、PGPB 和大豆植物之间的这种协同作用可能是由于铁在改善植物和细菌的生理功能方面的作用所致。