<br>结合 LiNO3 基共晶添加剂和 3D 锂金属阳极延长锂金属电池的低温运行,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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结合 LiNO3 基共晶添加剂和 3D 锂金属阳极延长锂金属电池的低温运行
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c02207
Bendong Huang ₁ , Ziwei Cai ₁ , Yingxiang Tan ₁ , Nan Zhang ₁ , Tao Peng ₁ , Wei Liu ₁ , Hai Zhong ₁ , Yaohua Mai ₁

Affiliation

对于锂金属电池（LMB），工作温度的降低会导致动力学缓慢并降低碳酸盐电解质的离子电导率。加上严重的锂枝晶，电化学性能大幅恶化。为了解决这些问题，我们研究了基于碳酸盐电解质的 LMB 中基于 LiNO ₃ 的共晶添加剂和 3D 锂金属阳极的综合作用。结果表明，性能最佳的全电池同时利用了这两种方法，即使用 BE-0.5% 电解质和 3D-Ni@Li 阳极来实现高性能 LMB。 3D-Ni@Li|BE-0.5%|LiFePO ₄ 电池在 1C 下可实现长达 800 次循环的长寿命，且容量保持率为 96.5%。 NCM622 电池在 200 次循环后还表现出 85.9% 的容量保持率，并且在 -40 °C 下对碳酸盐电解质具有良好的低温适应性（>69% 容量保持率）。 LMB的良好性能可归因于两个优点：（a）基于LiNO ₃ 的共晶添加剂可以调节SEI组分以增强反应动力学；（b）3D-Ni@Li可以实现最小体积变化并提供稳定的框架来实现强大的 SEI 层。这项工作为制造具有长期稳定性和低温运行的 LMB 的单独和组合设计方法提供了新颖的见解。

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Extending the Low-Temperature Operation of Lithium-Metal Batteries Combining LiNO3-Based Eutectic Additive and 3D Lithium-Metal Anode

For Li-metal batteries (LMBs), a decrease in operating temperature leads to sluggish kinetics and reduced ionic conductivity of the carbonate electrolyte. Combined with severe Li dendrites, the electrochemical performance largely deteriorates. To solve these problems, the combined effects of LiNO₃-based eutectic additive and 3D Li-metal anode are investigated in carbonate electrolyte-based LMBs. Results show that the best-performing full cells take advantage of both approaches simultaneously by using BE-0.5% electrolyte with the 3D-Ni@Li anode for high-performance LMBs. The 3D-Ni@Li|BE-0.5%|LiFePO₄ cell can achieve a long lifespan up to 800 cycles at 1C with 96.5% capacity retention. The NCM622 cell also displays a capacity retention of 85.9% after 200 cycles and a good low-temperature suitability with carbonate electrolyte (>69% capacity retention) at −40 °C. The good performance of LMBs can be attributed to two advantages: (a) the LiNO₃-based eutectic additive can regulate SEI components for reaction kinetics enhancement and (b) 3D-Ni@Li can realize minimum volume change and provide a stable framework to enable a robust SEI layer. This work provides novel insights into individual and combined design approaches for fabricating LMBs with long-term stability and low-temperature operation.

更新日期：2024-05-13

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