MXene/polymer composites are attractive materials and find extensive use in many applications, such as energy storage, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, membranes, catalysis, sensors, and biomedicine. The major challenge to fabricate MXene/polymer composites are the processing conditions and poor control over the distribution of the MXene nanosheets within the polymer matrix. Traditional ways involve the direct mix of fillers and polymers to form a random homogeneous composite, which leads to inefficient use of fillers. To address these challenges, researchers have focused on the development of ordered MXene/polymer composite structures using various fabrication strategies. In this review, we summarize recent advances of structured MXene/polymer composites and their processing-structure-property relationships. Two main forms of MXene/polymer composites (films and foams) are separately discussed with a focus on the detailed fabrication means and corresponding structures. These architected composites complement those in which MXenes nanosheets are isotropically dispersed throughout, such as those formed by aqueous solution mixing approaches. This review culminates in a perspective on the future opportunities for architected MXene/polymer composites.

中文翻译：

---

在聚合物复合材料中构建 MXene


MXene/聚合物复合材料是极具吸引力的材料，在许多应用中得到广泛应用，例如能量存储、电磁干扰 (EMI) 屏蔽、膜、催化、传感器和生物医学。制造 MXene/聚合物复合材料的主要挑战是加工条件以及对 MXene 纳米片在聚合物基体中分布的控制不佳。传统方法涉及将填料和聚合物直接混合以形成随机均质复合材料，这导致填料的使用效率低下。为了应对这些挑战，研究人员专注于使用各种制造策略开发有序 MXene/聚合物复合结构。在这篇综述中，我们总结了结构化 MXene/聚合物复合材料的最新进展及其加工-结构-性能关系。分别讨论了 MXene/聚合物复合材料的两种主要形式（薄膜和泡沫），重点讨论了详细的制造方法和相应的结构。这些设计的复合材料补充了 MXene 纳米片各向同性分散的复合材料，例如通过水溶液混合方法形成的复合材料。本次回顾最终对 MXene/聚合物复合材料的未来机遇进行了展望。