Magnetic fluids, suspensions of magnetic particles in carrier liquids like water, oil or organic solvents, combine magnetic properties with fluidity to achieve features such as rapid magnetic response, reversible viscosity, and tunable thermal and optical properties. However, these carriers tend to have low densities and boiling points, affecting the suspension stability and working temperature range of magnetic fluids. Using liquid metals — which have high densities, boiling points and chemical stability in addition to excellent conductivity — as the carrier liquid can not only overcome these issues but also make the resulting liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids (LMMFs) highly conductive, substantially expanding the functions of magnetic fluids. Furthermore, LMMFs behave in complex yet versatile ways owing to synergies between the electrical conduction of the liquid metal and the magnetism of the suspended particles. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of LMMFs, beginning with their fabrication methods and an interpretation of their suspension stability. We summarize the properties and applications of LMMFs, highlighting their superiority over traditional magnetic fluids. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of these materials.

磁性流体是磁性颗粒在水、油或有机溶剂等载体液体中的悬浮液，将磁性与流动性相结合，以实现快速磁响应、可逆粘度以及可调热和光学属性等功能。然而，这些载体往往具有较低的密度和沸点，影响磁流体的悬浮稳定性和工作温度范围。使用液态金属（除了优异的导电性之外，还具有高密度、沸点和化学稳定性）作为载液，不仅可以克服这些问题，而且还可以使所得的液态金属磁流体（LMMF）具有高导电性、显着膨胀磁流体的作用。此外，由于液态金属的导电性和悬浮颗粒的磁性之间的协同作用，LMMF 的行为方式复杂但用途广泛。本综述对 LMMF 进行了全面概述，首先介绍了它们的制造方法并解释了其悬浮稳定性。我们总结了 LMMF 的特性和应用，强调了它们相对于传统磁流体的优越性。最后，我们讨论了这些材料的挑战和前景。