Margalefidinium polykrikoides dinoflagellate blooms increase mortality of Acartia tonsa copepods,Harmful Algae

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Margalefidinium polykrikoides dinoflagellate blooms increase mortality of Acartia tonsa copepods
Harmful Algae ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-05-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102634
Heather K Corson ₁ , Nicole C Millette ₁

Affiliation

Previous research on phytoplankton blooms has often focused on the initiation of blooms, while studies on the mechanisms underlying bloom decline and termination have been more limited. This study aimed to explore the extent of which (copepod) grazing does or does not contribute to (dinoflagellate) bloom decline. is a prominent harmful algal bloom (HAB) species that forms dense blooms in coastal and estuarine systems around the world with known ichthyotoxic effects. Sampling occurred in the lower York River Estuary, Virginia, USA in 2021 and 2022 during two blooms. Prey removal experiments were conducted using organisms collected from the field to estimate ingestion rates on . While was capable of ingesting at low abundance, when abundance exceeded 2000 cells mL, experienced nearly 100% mortality in the 24-hour prey removal experiments. This suggests that likely cannot exert any top-down control on blooms, rather, at high concentrations, may act as its own grazing deterrent. Extensive blooms could therefore continue to persist due to a reduction in grazing pressure, rather than an increase. This would suggest that the decline of blooms is likely caused by another factor. As the frequency, duration, and magnitude of HABs are expected to increase in the future, these findings provide key insights to the trophic interactions that may be influencing the duration of blooms.

中文翻译：

Margalefidinium polykrikoides 甲藻水华增加了 Acaria tonsa 桡足类的死亡率

先前对浮游植物水华的研究通常集中在水华的引发上，而对水华衰退和终止机制的研究则较为有限。本研究旨在探讨（桡足类）放牧在多大程度上导致（甲藻）水华衰退。是一种重要的有害藻华 (HAB) 物种，在世界各地的沿海和河口系统中形成密集的藻华，具有已知的鱼类毒性作用。采样工作于 2021 年和 2022 年两次水华期间在美国弗吉尼亚州约克河下游河口进行。使用从野外收集的生物体进行猎物清除实验，以估计的摄入率。虽然能够在低丰度下摄取，但当丰度超过 2000 个细胞/mL 时，在 24 小时猎物清除实验中，死亡率接近 100%。这表明它可能无法对水华发挥任何自上而下的控制作用，相反，在高浓度下，它可能会起到其自身放牧威慑作用。因此，由于放牧压力的减少而不是增加，大范围的水华可能会继续持续。这表明花朵的减少可能是由另一个因素引起的。由于未来 HAB 的频率、持续时间和程度预计会增加，这些发现为可能影响花期持续时间的营养相互作用提供了重要见解。

更新日期：2024-05-03

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