The problem of explaining color perception has fascinated painters, philosophers and scientists throughout the history. In many cases, the ideas and discoveries about color perception in one of these categories influenced the others, thus resulting in one of the most remarkable cross-fertilization of human thought. At the end of the nineteenth century, two models stood out as the most convincing ones: Young-Helmholtz’s trichromacy on one side, and Hering’s opponency on the other side. The former was mainly supported by painters and scientists, although with some noticeable exceptions as, e.g., Otto Runge, while the majority of philosophers supported the latter. These two apparently incompatible models were proven to be two complementary parts of the hugely complex chain of events which leads to human color perception. Recently, a rigorous mathematical theory able to incorporate both trichromacy and opponency has been developed thanks to the use of the language and tools of quantum information. In this paper, we discuss the placement of this model within the philosophical theories about color.

历史上，解释色彩感知的问题一直吸引着画家、哲学家和科学家。在许多情况下，其中一个类别中关于颜色感知的想法和发现会影响其他类别，从而导致人类思想最显着的交叉融合之一。十九世纪末，有两个模型脱颖而出，成为最有说服力的模型：一方面是扬-亥姆霍兹的三色性，另一方面是赫林的对手。前者主要得到画家和科学家的支持，但也有一些明显的例外，例如奥托·龙格，而大多数哲学家则支持后者。这两个明显不兼容的模型被证明是导致人类色彩感知的极其复杂的事件链中的两个互补部分。最近，由于量子信息语言和工具的使用，已经开发出一种能够结合三色性和对抗性的严格数学理论。在本文中，我们讨论了该模型在颜色哲学理论中的位置。