Rapid and accurate detection of respiratory virus aerosols is highlighted for virus surveillance and infection control. Here, we report a wireless immunoassay technology for fast (within 10 min), on-site (wireless and battery-free), and sensitive (limit of detection down to fg/L) detection of virus antigens in aerosols. The wireless immunoassay leverages the immuno-responsive hydrogel-modulated radio frequency resonant sensor to capture and amplify the recognition of virus antigen, and flexible readout network to transduce the immuno bindings into electrical signals. The wireless immunoassay achieves simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, influenza A H1N1 virus, and respiratory syncytial virus for community infection surveillance. Direct detection of unpretreated clinical samples further demonstrates high accuracy for diagnosis of respiratory virus infection. This work provides a sensitive and accurate immunoassay technology for on-site virus detection and disease diagnosis compatible with wearable integration.

快速、准确地检测呼吸道病毒气溶胶对于病毒监测和感染控制至关重要。在此，我们报告了一种无线免疫分析技术，可快速（10 分钟内）、现场（无线且无需电池）、灵敏（检测限低至 fg/L）检测气溶胶中的病毒抗原。无线免疫测定利用免疫响应水凝胶调制的射频共振传感器来捕获和放大病毒抗原的识别，并利用灵活的读出网络将免疫结合转换成电信号。无线免疫分析实现了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2、甲型H1N1流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒等呼吸道病毒的同时检测，用于社区感染监测。直接检测未经预处理的临床样本进一步证明了呼吸道病毒感染诊断的高准确性。这项工作为与可穿戴集成兼容的现场病毒检测和疾病诊断提供了一种灵敏、准确的免疫分析技术。