The development of highly active and stable acidic water oxidation electrocatalysts is of great significant for promoting the industrial application of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Ru-based catalysts have broad application prospects in acidic water oxidation, but their limitations in stability and activity hinder their further application. Herein, a nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) coated porous Ru/RuO₂ heterojunctional hollow sphere (Ru/RuO₂/NC) is designed as high-active and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In synthesis, the key is to use mesoporous polydopamine spheres as a template for forming hollow spheres, a source of NC coating and a reducing agent for forming Ru/RuO₂ heterojunction. The Ru/RuO₂ heterojunction adjusts the electronic structure of Ru active sites, optimizing the adsorption of intermediate species. Furthermore, the NC coating and the interaction between NC and Ru/RuO₂ effectively prevent Ru from over-oxidation and dissolution. The porous hollow structure provides more exposed active sites and promotes mass transfer. Impressively, Ru/RuO₂/NC exhibits outstanding OER and HER performance with low overpotentials of 211 and 32 mV at 10 mA·cm⁻², respectively, and shows excellent stability. The acid water splitting electrolyzer, based on the bifunctional Ru/RuO₂/NC, requires low cell voltages of 1.46 and 1.76 V at 10 and 100 mA·cm⁻², respectively, with good stability for over 100 h operation, surpassing Pt/C∥RuO₂ and most of the reported catalysts.

开发高活性、稳定的酸性水氧化电催化剂对于推动质子交换膜电解槽的工业化应用具有重要意义。钌基催化剂在酸性水氧化方面具有广阔的应用前景，但其稳定性和活性方面的限制阻碍了其进一步应用。本文设计了一种氮掺杂碳（NC）涂覆的多孔Ru/RuO ₂异质结空心球（Ru/RuO ₂ /NC）作为用于酸性析氧反应（OER）和析氢反应的高活性且稳定的双功能电催化剂（她）。在合成中，关键是使用介孔聚多巴胺球作为形成空心球的模板、NC涂层的来源和形成Ru/RuO ₂异质结的还原剂。 Ru/RuO ₂异质结调整Ru活性位点的电子结构，优化中间物质的吸附。此外，NC涂层以及NC与Ru/RuO ₂之间的相互作用有效地防止Ru过度氧化和溶解。多孔中空结构提供了更多暴露的活性位点并促进传质。令人印象深刻的是，Ru/RuO _{2 /NC表现出出色的OER和HER性能，在10 mA·cm} ^-2下过电位分别为211和32 mV，并且表现出优异的稳定性。基于双功能Ru/RuO _{2 /NC的酸性水分解电解槽在10和100 mA·cm} ^-2下需要的电池电压分别为1.46和1.76 V ，并且在100小时以上的运行中具有良好的稳定性，超过了Pt/ C∥RuO ₂和大多数报道的催化剂。