Understanding how human‐modified landscapes maintain biodiversity and provide ecosystem services is crucial for establishing conservation practices. Given that responses to land‐use are species‐specific, it is crucial to understand how land‐use changes may shape patterns of species diversity and persistence in human‐modified landscapes. Here, we used a comprehensive data set on bird distribution from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest to understand how species richness and individual occurrences of frugivorous bird species responded to land‐use spatial predictors and, subsequently, assess how ecological traits and phylogeny modulated these responses. Using Bayesian hierarchical modeling, we reveal that the richness of frugivorous birds was positively associated with the amount of native forest and negatively with both agriculture and pasture amount at the landscape scale. Conversely, the effect of these predictors on species occurrence and ecological traits was highly variable and presented a weak phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, land‐use homogenization (i.e., the conversion of forest to pasture or agriculture) led to pervasive consequences for forest‐dependent bird species, whereas several generalist species thrived in deforested areas, replacing those sensitive to habitat disturbances.

中文翻译：

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土地利用均质化减少了热带生物多样性热点地区食果鸟类的出现和多样性


了解人类改造的景观如何维持生物多样性并提供生态系统服务对于建立保护实践至关重要。鉴于对土地利用的反应是特定于物种的，因此了解土地利用变化如何影响人类改造景观中物种多样性和持久性的模式至关重要。在这里，我们使用巴西大西洋森林鸟类分布的综合数据集来了解食果鸟类的物种丰富度和个体出现如何对土地利用空间预测因素做出反应，并随后评估生态特征和系统发育如何调节这些反应。使用贝叶斯分层模型，我们揭示了在景观尺度上，食果鸟类的丰富度与原生森林的数量呈正相关，与农业和牧场的数量呈负相关。相反，这些预测因子对物种发生和生态性状的影响变化很大，并且呈现出微弱的系统发育信号。此外，土地利用同质化（即森林转变为牧场或农业）对依赖森林的鸟类物种造成了普遍影响，而一些通用物种在森林砍伐地区繁衍生息，取代了对栖息地干扰敏感的鸟类。