A commonly addressed aspect of urban planning involves the integration of nature-based solutions (NBS). Before applying NBS, acquiring stakeholders' viewpoints, e.g., city councils, local governments, and academia, contributes to the successful application and thus to mitigation of global challenges such as climate change, loss of biodiversity, water, and food scarcity. The present study explores how stakeholders across Europe view the role of NBS in urban planning. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify patterns, themes, and concepts within interview transcripts gathered through semi-structured interviews held in Budapest, Cordoba, Ljubljana, Reykjavik, Vienna, and Zurich. The study resulted in 107 distinctive codes categorized into NBS benefits, challenges, opportunities, NBS actors, and regulations. The frequency of codes (Fr) mentioned by the interviewees showed that NBS benefit cooperation (Fr=125) between individuals, while the most challenging issue obstructing NBS implementation was the lack of NBS knowledge (Fr=93). The need for green areas (Fr=42) was identified as an opportunity that could give rise to NBS applications. This study also provides practical recommendations to overcome some barriers when implementing NBS.

中文翻译：

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利益相关者对城市规划中基于自然的解决方案的看法：对六个欧洲城市的主题分析


城市规划的一个常见方面涉及基于自然的解决方案（NBS）的整合。在应用 NBS 之前，获取利益相关者（例如市议会、地方政府和学术界）的观点有助于成功应用，从而有助于缓解气候变化、生物多样性丧失、水和粮食短缺等全球挑战。本研究探讨了欧洲的利益相关者如何看待国家统计局在城市规划中的作用。我们进行了主题分析，以确定通过在布达佩斯、科尔多瓦、卢布尔雅那、雷克雅未克、维也纳和苏黎世进行的半结构化访谈收集的访谈记录中的模式、主题和概念。该研究得出了 107 个独特的准则，分为 NBS 利益、挑战、机遇、NBS 参与者和法规。受访者提到的代码频率（Fr）表明，NBS有利于个体之间的合作（Fr=125），而阻碍NBS实施的最具挑战性的问题是缺乏NBS知识（Fr=93）。对绿地的需求（Fr=42）被认为是一个可能引起 NBS 申请的机会。本研究还提供了克服实施 NBS 时的一些障碍的实用建议。