, a causal agent of blue mold rot, leads to substantial postharvest losses in the fruit industry. Due to environmental pollution and the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains, the use of synthetic chemical fungicides faces severe challenges. Natural antifungal compounds derived from plants are considered promising alternatives. In this study, the antifungal activities of coumarin and five hydroxylated derivatives against and involved mechanisms were investigated. Among the six coumarins, 3-hydroxycoumarin (3-HC) demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on mycelial growth, germ tube elongation, conidiation, patulin production, and the best control effect on blue mold in apple and jujube fruit. Moreover, 3-HC increased the sensitivity of to the cell wall, oxidative, and osmotic stresses analyses, including target fishing, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family in (Pempks), were the potential targets of 3-HC. Bio-layer interferometry and ATP competition assays found that 3-HC could directly bind to PempkB and PempkC and inhibit the MAPK activity. Our results suggested that 3-HC may act as an ATP-competitive MAPK inhibitor to affect the MAPK signaling pathway and inhibit the development and pathogenicity of .

中文翻译：

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3-羟基香豆素通过靶向扩展青霉的 Pempk 蛋白有效抑制发育和致病性


蓝霉病的致病因子，导致水果行业采后损失惨重。由于环境污染和耐药菌株的出现，合成化学杀菌剂的使用面临严峻挑战。从植物中提取的天然抗真菌化合物被认为是有前途的替代品。在本研究中，研究了香豆素和五种羟基化衍生物的抗真菌活性及其相关机制。六种香豆素中，3-羟基香豆素（3-HC）对菌丝生长、芽管伸长、分生孢子、棒曲霉素产生有较强的抑制作用，对苹果、枣果的青霉病防治效果最好。此外，3-HC 增加了对细胞壁、氧化和渗透应激的敏感性，包括靶向钓鱼、分子对接和分子动力学模拟在内的分析表明，(Pempks) 中的丝裂原激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 家族，是3-HC的潜在靶标。生物层干涉和ATP竞争分析发现3-HC可以直接与PempkB和PempkC结合并抑制MAPK活性。我们的结果表明，3-HC 可能作为 ATP 竞争性 MAPK 抑制剂，影响 MAPK 信号通路并抑制 的发展和致病性。