This study aimed to explore and identify motivational factors and barriers for pharmacy personnel participation in specific opioid mitigation programs, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as an investigational framework. A naturalistic inquiry method was employed involving semi-structured interviews with pharmacy personnel to assess their intentions, attitudes, normative beliefs, and behaviors towards participating in naloxone dispensing and provision of at-home drug disposal solutions. Purposive sampling was utilized to recruit participants, with saturation achieved after 12 interviews. Interviews were transcribed and coded to identify recurring themes. Four primary themes emerged: 1) the value and benefits of helping others, emphasizing societal, patient, and environmental benefits; 2) limits and barriers to participation, including financial concerns, management support, and time constraints; 3) pharmacists’ intrinsic motivators, highlighting personal motivations and differentiation between programs for specific patient types; and 4) program implementation challenges and strategies. The findings underscore the applicability of the TPB in understanding pharmacy engagement in opioid abatement programs. Despite facing barriers such as financial considerations and time constraints, the overall positive attitudes towards the programs indicate a strong motivation to contribute to public health efforts. Addressing identified barriers and leveraging motivators could enhance participation, potentially mitigating the opioid crisis. Future research should incorporate patient perspectives to fully understand the impact and effectiveness of pharmacy-led interventions, such as naloxone dispensing and disposal solutions, in opioid misuse prevention.

中文翻译：

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社区药房从事新型阿片类药物和药物处置相关服务的障碍和动机因素


本研究旨在使用计划行为理论（TPB）作为研究框架，探索和确定药房人员参与特定阿片类药物缓解计划的动机因素和障碍。采用自然主义调查方法，对药房人员进行半结构化访谈，以评估他们参与纳洛酮配药和提供家庭药物处置解决方案的意图、态度、规范信念和行为。采用有目的抽样来招募参与者，经过 12 次访谈后达到饱和。采访内容经过转录和编码，以确定反复出现的主题。出现了四个主要主题：1）帮助他人的价值和好处，强调社会、患者和环境效益； 2) 参与的限制和障碍，包括财务问题、管理支持和时间限制； 3）药剂师的内在动机，强调个人动机以及针对特定患者类型的方案之间的差异； 4) 计划实施的挑战和策略。研究结果强调了 TPB 在了解药房参与阿片类药物削减计划方面的适用性。尽管面临财务考虑和时间限制等障碍，但对这些计划的总体积极态度表明了为公共卫生工作做出贡献的强烈动机。解决已发现的障碍并利用激励因素可以提高参与度，从而有可能缓解阿片类药物危机。未来的研究应纳入患者的观点，以充分了解药房主导的干预措施（例如纳洛酮配药和处置解决方案）在预防阿片类药物滥用方面的影响和有效性。