Bactrocera dorsalis is a highly invasive fruit pest of economic and quarantine significance. The males are strongly attracted to methyl eugenol (ME). After consumption, ME is converted to metabolites that act as sex pheromones, which increase mating success. ME lure is instrumental in male annihilation technique (MAT) and sterile insect technique (SIT) applications to suppress or eradicate fruit fly populations. A simultaneous MAT-SIT concept is proposed to reduce operational costs and time-to-eradication. However, sterile males released to the field may respond to MAT’s ME-baited traps, reducing the efficacy of SIT. Here, we developed a ME-supplemented diet that reduces males’ response to ME without compromising mating efficiency and survivorship. We offered sugar-yeast diet supplemented with ME (0–5%) to 5-day-old males for 48 h and evaluated their response to ME, mating performance and pheromone production at 3-, 7-, 11- and 15-days post-treatment (DPT), while observing mortality for 60-DPT. Our results indicate that consuming a ME-supplemented diet reduces response to ME lures and enhances mating success, with the 5% ME diet showing the most promising results. The trend of pheromone production at different DPT after consuming various ME-supplemented diets corroborated with those of reduced lure response and mating enhancement. Although diet containing 3 and 5% ME affected males’ survival probability over 60-DPT, the treatment does not impact the survival of all treated males for at least 25-DPT. This finding suggests that pre-release feeding on a 5% ME-supplemented diet by 5-day-old B. dorsalis males is a feasible solution for implementing simultaneous MAT-SIT.

橘小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis）是一种具有高度入侵性的水果害虫，具有经济和检疫意义。雄性对甲基丁香酚（ME）有强烈的吸引力。食用后，ME 转化为代谢物，充当性信息素，从而提高交配成功率。 ME 诱剂在雄性消灭技术 (MAT) 和昆虫不育技术 (SIT) 应用中发挥着重要作用，以抑制或根除果蝇种群。提出了同步 MAT-SIT 概念，以降低运营成本并缩短根除时间。然而，释放到田间的不育雄性可能会对 MAT 的 ME 诱饵反应产生反应，从而降低 SIT 的效果。在这里，我们开发了一种补充 ME 的饮食，可以减少雄性对 ME 的反应，而不影响交配效率和存活率。我们向 5 日龄雄性提供添加 ME (0–5%) 的糖酵母饲料 48 小时，并评估它们在 3、7、11 和 15 天时对 ME 的反应、交配性能和信息素产生治疗后 (DPT)，同时观察 60-DPT 的死亡率。我们的结果表明，食用补充 ME 的饮食可减少对 ME 诱饵的反应并提高交配成功率，其中 5% ME 饮食显示出最有希望的结果。食用各种补充 ME 的饮食后，不同 DPT 下信息素产生的趋势与诱饵反应减少和交配增强的趋势相证实。尽管含有 3% 和 5% ME 的饮食会影响雄性在 60-DPT 期间的生存概率，但该治疗不会影响所有接受治疗的雄性在至少 25-DPT 期间的生存率。这一发现表明，对 5 日龄的雄性橘小实蝇进行释放前喂养添加 5% ME 的饮食是同时实施 MAT-SIT 的可行解决方案。