The access to drinkable water is a critical challenge in the context of the rising urbanization and industrialization, calling for advanced technologies to clean contaminated waters and wastewater. Here we review the use of metal oxides biochar composites to treat pollution by hevay metals and dyes. We focus on the synthesis of metal oxide nanobiochar; the treatment of pollution by mercury, lead, methylene blue and methyl orange; life cycle analysis; and techno-economical assessment. Metal oxide nanoparticles can act as photocatalysts to allow for the complete mineralization of organic pollutants. For instance, the doping of tin oxide nanoparticles into biochar surface degraded 99.5% of methylene blue dye after 105 min. Ball-milled magnetic nanobiochar achieves 99% mercury removal in 720 min. The presence of biochar enhanced the uptake of contaminants on nanoparticles and facilitated the photocatalytic reaction

在城市化和工业化不断发展的背景下，获得饮用水是一项严峻的挑战，需要先进的技术来清洁受污染的水和废水。在这里，我们回顾了使用金属氧化物生物炭复合材料处理重金属和染料污染的情况。我们专注于金属氧化物纳米生物炭的合成；汞、铅、亚甲基蓝、甲基橙污染治理；生命周期分析；和技术经济评估。金属氧化物纳米粒子可以充当光催化剂，使有机污染物完全矿化。例如，将氧化锡纳米颗粒掺杂到生物炭表面，105 分钟后降解了 99.5% 的亚甲基蓝染料。球磨磁性纳米生物炭在 720 分钟内即可实现 99% 的汞去除。生物炭的存在增强了纳米粒子对污染物的吸收并促进了光催化反应