Pollution, climate change and waste accumulation are critical societal issues calling for advanced methods to recycle matter and clean polluted ecosystems. Here, we review the use of calcium oxide waste-based catalysts for industrial and environmental applications such as biodiesel production, and pollutant degradation and removal. Catalysts can be produced from mud clam shell, eggshell, spent coffee ground, fish bones waste, marble waste, face mask waste, and snail shell. The preparation of composite catalysts, adsorbents, nanoparticles, and photocatalysts is presented.

中文翻译：

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用于生物柴油生产和净化的氧化钙废物基催化剂：综述

污染、气候变化和废物积累是关键的社会问题，需要先进的方法来回收物质和清洁受污染的生态系统。在这里，我们回顾了氧化钙废物基催化剂在工业和环境应用中的使用，例如生物柴油生产以及污染物降解和去除。蛤壳、蛋壳、废咖啡渣、鱼骨废料、大理石废料、面膜废料和蜗牛壳可以生产催化剂。介绍了复合催化剂、吸附剂、纳米颗粒和光催化剂的制备。