In the context of the circular economy, there is a need for advanced methods to recover metals from industrial waste, yet classical hydrometallurgical techniques are limited. Here, we review ultrasonic-assisted hydrometallurgical leaching with focus on the use of acids, bases, oxidants, bacteria and electrolysis. Oxidative leaching is done with ferric ions, dioxygen, ozone and hydrogen peroxide. Upscaling is also detailed. Ultrasonication allows to reduce the dosage of leaching agents, to reduce reaction time, and to enhance leaching efficiency. Large-scale equipments are still limited by low cavitation efficiency, low throughput, high usage costs, and high energy consumption.

在循环经济的背景下，需要先进的方法从工业废物中回收金属，但传统的湿法冶金技术有限。在这里，我们回顾了超声波辅助湿法冶金浸出，重点关注酸、碱、氧化剂、细菌和电解的使用。氧化浸出是用铁离子、分子氧、臭氧和过氧化氢完成的。升级也很详细。超声波可以减少浸出剂的用量，缩短反应时间，提高浸出效率。大型设备仍受到空化效率低、处理量低、使用成本高、能耗高等限制。