Abstract. Many of the globe arid areas are exposed to severe soil contamination events, due to the presence of highly pollutant industries in these regions. In this work a case study from the Ashalim basin, at the Judean desert, Israel was used to examine the nature of solutes and contaminants transport in sandy terraces of an ephemeral stream that was exposed to a severe pollution event. In order to to shed new light on contaminants distribution along the soil profile and transport mechanisms, in arid environments, three complimentary approaches were used: (1) Periodic on-site soil profile sampling, recording the annual solute transport dynamics; (2) Laboratory analyses and controlled experiments in a rain simulator, to characterize solutes release and transport; and (3) Numerical simulation was used to define and understand the main associated processes. The study highlights the stubborn nature of the pollutants in these natural setting that dictates they will remain near the soil surface, despite the presence of sporadic rain events. It was shown that a vertical circulation of the contaminates is occurring with soil wetting and drying cycles. The ‘surface evaporation capacitor’ concept of Or and Lehmann from 2019 was examined and compared to field measurements and numerical simulations, and found to be a useful tool to predict the fate of the contaminants along the soil profile.

中文翻译：

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干旱环境中的土壤污染及应用表面蒸发电容器模型的修复评估；以色列朱迪亚沙漠的案例研究

摘要。全球许多干旱地区由于存在高污染工业而遭受严重的土壤污染事件。在这项工作中，以色列朱迪亚沙漠阿沙利姆盆地的案例研究被用来研究暴露于严重污染事件的短暂溪流的沙阶地中溶质和污染物迁移的性质。为了揭示干旱环境中污染物沿土壤剖面的分布和迁移机制，采用了三种互补的方法：（1）定期现场土壤剖面采样，记录年度溶质迁移动态； (2) 在降雨模拟器中进行实验室分析和对照实验，以表征溶质的释放和运输； (3)利用数值模拟来定义和理解主要的相关过程。该研究强调了这些自然环境中污染物的顽固性质，这表明尽管存在零星降雨事件，它们仍将保留在土壤表面附近。结果表明，污染物的垂直循环随着土壤湿润和干燥循环而发生。 Or 和 Lehmann 于 2019 年提出的“表面蒸发电容器”概念经过了检验，并与现场测量和数值模拟进行了比较，发现它是预测沿土壤剖面污染物命运的有用工具。