The separation of oil-in-water emulsion is an urgent challenge because its massive production and discharge from daily and industrial activities have caused severe hazards to the ecosystem and serious threats to human health. Membrane technology is considered an outstanding solution strategy for the separation of oil-in-water emulsions due to its unique advantages of low cost, high efficiency, easy operation, and environmental friendliness. However, the membrane is easily fouled by the emulsion oil droplets during the separation process, causing a sharp decline in permeation flux, which greatly inhibits the long-term use of the membrane and largely shortens the membrane’s life. Recently, it was found that endowing the membranes with special wettability e.g., superhydrophilic and superoleophobic can greatly enhance the permeability of the continuous water phase and inhibit the adhesion of oil droplets, thus promoting the separation performance and anti-oil-fouling property of membrane for oily emulsions. In this paper, we review and discuss the recent developments in membranes with special wettability for separating oil-in-water emulsions, including the mechanism analysis of emulsion separation membrane, membrane fouling issues, design strategies, and representative studies for enhancing the membrane’s anti-oil-fouling ability and emulsion separation performance.

水包油乳液的分离是一个紧迫的挑战，因为它在日常和工业活动中大量产生和排放，对生态系统造成严重危害，对人类健康造成严重威胁。膜技术以其低成本、高效、易操作、环境友好等独特优势，被认为是水包油乳状液分离的杰出解决策略。但膜在分离过程中很容易被乳化油滴污染，导致渗透通量急剧下降，极大地抑制了膜的长期使用，很大程度上缩短了膜的寿命。近年来发现，赋予膜特殊的润湿性，如超亲水、超疏油，可以大大提高连续水相的渗透性，抑制油滴的粘附，从而提高膜的分离性能和抗油污性能。油性乳液。本文综述并讨论了用于分离水包油乳状液的特殊润湿性膜的最新进展，包括乳状液分离膜的机理分析、膜污染问题、设计策略以及增强膜抗油性的代表性研究。抗油污能力和乳化液分离性能。