Color terms divide the color spectrum differently across languages. Previous studies have reported that speakers of languages that have different words for light and dark blue (e.g., Russian siniy and goluboy) discriminate color chips sampled from these two linguistic categories faster than speakers of languages that use one basic color term for blue (e.g., English blue). This effect has been reported to be disrupted when participants engaged in a verbal interference task, suggesting that active language use can modulate the linguistic category effect. The current study provided a stringent test of this hypothesis by examining color discrimination under verbal interference in bilinguals speaking Lithuanian (two blue categories) and Norwegian (one blue category). The results revealed that the language activated during verbal interference had a significant impact on bilinguals’ color discrimination. Specifically, Lithuanian–Norwegian bilinguals exhibited a color category effect only when performing the task under verbal interference in Lithuanian but not in Norwegian. This demonstrated, within the same individuals, the momentary effect of active language processing on color perception.

中文翻译：

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主动语言调节双语者的颜色感知

颜色术语在不同语言中以不同的方式划分色谱。先前的研究表明，使用不同单词表示浅蓝色和深蓝色的语言的使用者（例如俄语西尼和戈卢博伊）区分从这两种语言类别采样的颜色芯片比使用一种基本颜色术语表示蓝色的语言（例如英语蓝色的）。据报道，当参与者参与言语干扰任务时，这种效应会被破坏，这表明积极的语言使用可以调节语言类别效应。目前的研究通过检查立陶宛语（两个蓝色类别）和挪威语（一个蓝色类别）的双语者在言语干扰下的颜色歧视，对这一假设进行了严格的检验。结果显示，言语干扰期间激活的语言对双语者的颜色辨别有显着影响。具体来说，立陶宛语-挪威语双语者仅在用立陶宛语执行任务时表现出颜色类别效应，而在挪威语中则不然。这证明了在同一个体中，主动语言处理对颜色感知的瞬时影响。