In this piece, we explore the transformative potential of sustainable biofuel production as a solution to the energy crisis and a pivotal element in realizing the environmental and societal ambitions of Society 5.0. Through a critical examination of “bottom-up” and “top-down” strategies for converting bio-feedstocks sourced from anthropogenic activities into renewable fuels, the work underscores the need for innovation in catalysts and process intensification. By highlighting the advances and challenges in harnessing unconventional feedstocks and integrating renewable energy, this work points to a future where biofuels stand as a cornerstone of a sustainable energy landscape. The significance of this discussion extends beyond the technical realm, offering a vision for a circular economy that reduces dependence on fossil fuels, addresses climate change, and promotes global energy security. It calls for a united front among researchers, industry leaders, and policymakers to drive the biofuel sector toward efficiency, scalability, and widespread adoption.

在这篇文章中，我们探讨了可持续生物燃料生产的变革潜力，作为能源危机的解决方案以及实现社会 5.0 的环境和社会目标的关键要素。通过对将源自人类活动的生物原料转化为可再生燃料的“自下而上”和“自上而下”策略进行严格审查，这项工作强调了催化剂和工艺强化创新的必要性。通过强调利用非常规原料和整合可再生能源方面的进展和挑战，这项工作指出了生物燃料将成为可持续能源格局基石的未来。此次讨论的意义超出了技术领域，为减少对化石燃料的依赖、应对气候变化并促进全球能源安全的循环经济提供了愿景。它呼吁研究人员、行业领导者和政策制定者之间形成统一战线，推动生物燃料行业提高效率、可扩展性和广泛采用。