Background To identify mechanisms and patterns of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in adult women’s professional football by means of video match analysis. Methods ACL match injuries sustained in Germany’s first women’s league during the 2016–2017 to 2022–2023 seasons were prospectively analysed by three expert raters using a standardised observation form. Epidemiological and injury data, as well as the medical history of ACL tears, were obtained from media reports and the statutory accident insurance for professional athletes. Results Thirty-seven ACL injuries sustained in official football matches were included in the video analysis, of which 24 (65%) had associated knee injuries, mainly meniscus and collateral ligament injuries. According to the categorised contact mechanisms, 17 (46%) were non-contact injuries, 14 indirect contact injuries (38%) and six direct contact injuries (16%). Of the 17 non-contact injuries, seven (41%) occurred during the first 15 min of the match. Contact mechanisms did not differ between primary and secondary ACL injuries to the same or the contralateral side. Most injuries (80%) of field players occurred during horizontal movements such as sprinting (n=9, 26%), change-of-direction manoeuvres (n=7, 19%), stopping (n=5, 14%) and lunging (n=5, 14%). Four distinct repetitive patterns of ACL match injuries were identified: (1) non-contact ‘pressing ACL injury’ (n=9), (2) indirect contact ‘parallel sprinting and tackling ACL injury’ (n=7), (3) direct contact ‘knee-to-knee ACL injury’ (n=6) and (4) non-contact ‘landing ACL injury’ (n=4). Conclusion Most of the identified patterns of ACL injuries in women’s professional football have great potential for prevention. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Data may have been obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Epidemiological background data were available from the VBG. These data are not publicly available. The authors have no permission to make the data available. No administrative permissions were required to access the raw data. The VBG prepared and shared the specific files to the University Medical Center Wurzburg. Data protection and confidentiality agreements were signed prior to study research.

中文翻译：

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女子职业足球（足球）中前十字韧带损伤的四种不同模式：对 37 场比赛损伤的系统视频分析


背景 通过视频比赛分析来确定成年女子职业足球中前十字韧带 (ACL) 损伤的机制和模式。方法 由三位专家评估员使用标准化观察表对 2016-2017 赛季至 2022-2023 赛季德国女足联赛中发生的 ACL 比赛损伤进行前瞻性分析。流行病学和伤害数据以及 ACL 撕裂的病史是从媒体报道和职业运动员的法定意外保险中获得的。结果 视频分析纳入正式足球比赛中发生的 37 例 ACL 损伤，其中 24 例（65%）伴有膝关节损伤，主要是半月板和副韧带损伤。按接触机制分类，非接触性损伤17例（46%），间接接触性损伤14例（38%），直接接触性损伤6例（16%）。在 17 起非接触性伤害中，有 7 起（41%）发生在比赛的前 15 分钟内。同侧或对侧的原发性和继发性 ACL 损伤之间的接触机制没有差异。大多数场上运动员受伤（80%）发生在水平运动中，例如冲刺（n=9, 26%）、变向动作（n=7, 19%）、停止（n=5, 14%）和弓箭步 (n=5, 14%)。确定了 ACL 比赛损伤的四种不同重复模式：(1) 非接触性“压迫 ACL 损伤”(n=9)，(2) 间接接触性“平行冲刺和应对 ACL 损伤”(n=7)，(3)直接接触“膝对膝 ACL 损伤”（n=6）和（4）非接触“落地 ACL 损伤”（n=4）。结论 女子职业足球中大多数已确定的 ACL 损伤模式都具有巨大的预防潜力。数据可能从第三方获得，并且不公开。 数据可能是从第三方获得的，并且不公开。 VBG 提供了流行病学背景数据。这些数据不公开。作者无权提供数据。访问原始数据不需要任何管理权限。 VBG 准备了具体文件并将其共享给维尔茨堡大学医学中心。在研究之前签署数据保护和保密协议。