The wave reflection and transmission (R/T) coefficients in fluid-saturated porous media with the effect of effective pressure are rarely studied, despite the ubiquitous presence of in situ pressure in the subsurface Earth. To fill this knowledge gap, we derive exact R/T coefficient equations for a plane wave incident obliquely at the interface between the dissimilar pressured fluid-saturated porous half-spaces described by the theory of poro-acoustoelasticity (PAE). The central result of the classic PAE theory is first reviewed, and then a dual-porosity model is employed to generalize this theory by incorporating the impact of nonlinear crack deformation. The new velocity equations of generalized PAE theory can describe the nonlinear pressure dependence of fast P-, S- and slow P-wave velocities and have a reasonable agreement with the laboratory measurements. The general boundary conditions associated with membrane stiffness are used to yield the exact pressure-dependent wave R/T coefficient equations. We then model the impacts of effective pressure on the angle and frequency dependence of wave R/T coefficients and synthetic seismic responses in detail and compare our equations to the previously reported equations in zero-pressure case. It is inferred that the existing R/T coefficient equations for porous media may be misleading, since they lack consideration for inevitable in situ pressure effects. Modeling results also indicate that effective pressure and membrane stiffness significantly affect the amplitude variation with offset characteristics of reflected seismic signatures, which emphasizes the significance of considering the effects of both in practical applications related to the observed seismic data. By comparing the modeled R/T coefficients to the results computed with laboratory measured velocities, we preliminarily confirm the validity of our equations. Our equations and results are relevant to hydrocarbon exploration, in situ pressure detection and geofluid discrimination in high-pressure fields.

尽管地下地球普遍存在原位压力，但流体饱和多孔介质中波的反射和传输（R/T）系数与有效压力的影响却很少被研究。为了填补这一知识空白，我们推导了在由孔隙声弹性 (PAE) 理论描述的不同压力流体饱和多孔半空间之间的界面处倾斜入射的平面波的精确 R/T 系数方程。首先回顾了经典 PAE 理论的核心结果，然后采用双孔隙率模型并结合非线性裂纹变形的影响来推广该理论。广义PAE理论的新速度方程可以描述快纵波、横波和慢纵波速度的非线性压力依赖性，并且与实验室测量结果具有合理的一致性。与膜刚度相关的一般边界条件用于产生精确的压力相关波 R/T 系数方程。然后，我们详细模拟有效压力对波 R/T 系数和合成地震响应的角度和频率依赖性的影响，并将我们的方程与之前报告的零压力情况下的方程进行比较。据推测，现有的多孔介质 R/T 系数方程可能具有误导性，因为它们缺乏对不可避免的原位压力影响的考虑。建模结果还表明，有效压力和膜刚度显着影响反射地震特征的振幅变化和偏移特性，这强调了在与观测地震数据相关的实际应用中考虑两者影响的重要性。通过将建模的 R/T 系数与实验室测量速度计算的结果进行比较，我们初步证实了方程的有效性。我们的方程和结果与高压领域的碳氢化合物勘探、原位压力检测和地流体判别相关。