IoT systems are widely used in various applications, including healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing, and smart cities. However, these systems still have limitations, such as lack of security, high latency, energy inefficiency, the inefficiency of bandwidth utilization, and shortage of automaticity. The integration of edge computing and blockchain into IoT has been proposed to address these limitations. Yet, this integration is challenging and has not been deeply investigated. This paper aims to conduct a review of the integration of edge computing and blockchain into IoT systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review paper that covers all aspects of system architectures and categories of blockchain-based edge deployment, complete security requirements, including confidentiality, integrity, authentication, authorization/access control, privacy, trust/confidence, transparency, availability, secure automaticity, and tolerance, and applications of blockchain-based edge potential usages with consideration of security requirements. Additionally, this review provides comprehensive discussions of challenges and insights into the future direction of blockchain-based edge IoT systems. The review aims to serve as an entry point for non-expert readers and researchers to various aspects of blockchain-based edge IoT systems.

中文翻译：

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探索边缘计算与区块链物联网的融合：原理、架构、安全与应用

物联网系统广泛应用于各种应用，包括医疗保健、农业、制造和智慧城市。然而，这些系统仍然存在安全性不足、延迟高、能源效率低、带宽利用效率低、自动化程度低等局限性。人们提出将边缘计算和区块链集成到物联网中来解决这些限制。然而，这种整合具有挑战性，并且尚未得到深入研究。本文旨在对边缘计算和区块链与物联网系统的集成进行综述。据我们所知，这是第一篇涵盖系统架构和基于区块链的边缘部署类别的所有方面的评论论文，完整的安全要求，包括机密性、完整性、身份验证、授权/访问控制、隐私、信任/置信度、透明度、可用性、安全自动化和容忍度，以及考虑安全需求的基于区块链的边缘潜在用途的应用。此外，这篇评论还全面讨论了基于区块链的边缘物联网系统的挑战和未来方向的见解。该评论旨在作为非专家读者和研究人员了解基于区块链的边缘物联网系统各个方面的切入点。