This article discusses the continuity of Konstantin Stanislavsky’s pedagogy directly to his disciple Vasily Toporkov, and from him to his students Oleg Yefremov and Oleg Tabakov. Toporkov joined the Moscow Art Theatre (MAT) as an actor eleven years before Stanislavsky’s death, which allowed him to participate in the final phase of Stanislavsky’s life’s work and his development of the method of psychophysical actions. Struck by Stanislavsky’s authority, scrutiny, and caring attitude towards all actors, as well as other co-workers of the theatre, Toporkov transmitted this legacy, together with the practical knowledge that he had gained, to Yefremov and Tabakov, recounting vivid stories and anecdotes about Stanislavsky. The article traces the professional development of both men: each founded his own theatre, Yefremov the Sovremennik, and Tabakov the Tabakerka. Thus, whether or not they set out to do so, both Yefremov and Tabakov followed Stanislavsky’s life example, when he founded the MAT. Their decision to follow Stanislavsky’s example was a logical consequence of this great teacher’s life-affirmative, spiritual, material, and intellectual legacy, which is on a par with the most significant humanistic writings. The key spiritual-physical aspects of Stanislavsky’s legacy have been passed down in a straight line from Stanislavsky to his students, from them to their students, and so on, from one generation of the Moscow Art Theatre to the next, until the present day.

中文翻译：

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斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基的遗产：从瓦西里·托波尔科夫到奥列格·叶夫列莫夫和奥列格·塔巴科夫

本文讨论了康斯坦丁·斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基的教学法直接向他的弟子瓦西里·托波尔科夫，以及从他到他的学生奥列格·叶夫列莫夫和奥列格·塔巴科夫的连续性。托波尔科夫在斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基去世前十一年作为演员加入莫斯科艺术剧院（MAT），这使他能够参与斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基一生工作的最后阶段以及他对心理物理行为方法的发展。托波尔科夫被斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基对所有演员以及剧院其他同事的权威、审视和关怀态度所震惊，他将这一遗产以及他所获得的实践知识传授给叶夫列莫夫和塔巴科夫，讲述了生动的故事和轶事。关于斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基。这篇文章追溯了两人的职业发展：每个人都创办了自己的剧院，叶夫列莫夫（Yefremov）和塔巴科夫（Tabakov）都是塔巴克卡剧院（Tabakov the Tabakerka）。因此，无论叶夫列莫夫和塔巴科夫是否打算这样做，当斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基创立 MAT 时，他们都遵循了斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基的人生榜样。他们决定效仿斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基的榜样，是这位伟大导师的生命肯定、精神、物质和知识遗产的必然结果，与最重要的人文主义著作同等。斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基遗产的关键精神和物质方面从斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基到他的学生，从他们到他们的学生，等等，从莫斯科艺术剧院的一代人传到下一代，直到今天。