Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is modulated by genetic variants. This study aimed to assess the effect of obesity genetic liability and physical activity on hypertension among European and African ancestry individuals within the UK Biobank (UKB). Participants were 230 115 individuals of European ancestry and 3239 individuals of African ancestry from UKB. Genetic liability for obesity were estimated using previously published data including genetic variants and effect sizes for body mass index (BMI), waist‐hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) using Plink software. The outcome was defined as stage 2 hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or the use of anti‐hypertensive medications). The association between obesity genetic liability and the outcome was assessed across categories of self‐reported physical activity using logistic regression. Among European ancestry participants, there was up to a 1.2 greater odds of hypertension in individuals with high genetic liability and low physical activity compared to individuals with low genetic liability and high physical activity (p < 0.001). In individuals engaging in low levels of physical activity compared with moderate/high physical activity, the effect of BMI genetic liability on hypertension was greater (p interaction = 0.04). There was no evidence of an association between obesity genetic liability and hypertension in individuals of African ancestry in the whole sample or within separate physical activity groups (p > 0.05). This study suggests that higher physical activity levels are associated with lower odds of stage 2 hypertension among European ancestry individuals who carry high genetic liability for obesity. This cannot be inferred for individuals of African ancestry, possibly due to the low African ancestry sample size within the UKB.

中文翻译：

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体力活动改变肥胖遗传决定因素对 UKB 欧洲血统个体高血压的影响


高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素，并受到遗传变异的调节。本研究旨在评估英国生物银行 (UKB) 内欧洲和非洲血统个体的肥胖遗传倾向和体力活动对高血压的影响。参与者包括来自 UKB 的 230 115 名欧洲血统个体和 3239 名非洲血统个体。使用之前发布的数据（包括遗传变异以及体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）和腰围（WC）的效应大小）使用Plink软件估计肥胖的遗传倾向。结果被定义为2期高血压（收缩压≥140mmHg，舒张压≥90mmHg，或使用抗高血压药物）。使用逻辑回归对自我报告的身体活动类别中的肥胖遗传倾向与结果之间的关联进行了评估。在欧洲血统的参与者中，与具有低遗传倾向和高体力活动的个体相比，具有高遗传倾向和低体力活动的个体患高血压的几率高出1.2倍（ p < 0.001)。与中/高体力活动相比，从事低水平体力活动的个体中，BMI遗传倾向对高血压的影响更大（ p相互作用= 0.04）。在整个样本中或在单独的体力活动组中，没有证据表明非洲血统个体的肥胖遗传倾向与高血压之间存在关联。 p > 0.05）。 这项研究表明，对于具有肥胖遗传倾向的欧洲血统个体来说，较高的体力活动水平与较低的 2 期高血压发病率相关。对于非洲血统的个体来说不能推断出这一点，可能是因为 UKB 内的非洲血统样本量较低。