Regulation of bacterial transcription is a complex and multi‐faceted phenomenon that is critical for growth and adaptation. Proteins in the CarD_CdnL_TRCF family are widespread, often essential, regulators of transcription of genes required for growth and metabolic homeostasis. Research in the last decade has described the mechanistic and structural bases of CarD‐CdnL‐mediated regulation of transcription initiation. More recently, studies in a range of bacteria have begun to elucidate the physiological roles of CarD‐CdnL proteins as well as mechanisms by which these proteins, themselves, are regulated. A theme has emerged wherein regulation of CarD‐CdnL proteins is central to bacterial adaptation to stress and/or changing environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

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House of CarDs：转录调节因子 CdnL 的功能见解

细菌转录的调节是一种复杂且多方面的现象，对于生长和适应至关重要。 CarD_CdnL_TRCF 家族中的蛋白质是生长和代谢稳态所需基因转录的广泛且通常必需的调节因子。过去十年的研究描述了 CarD-CdnL 介导的转录起始调节的机制和结构基础。最近，对一系列细菌的研究已经开始阐明 CarD-CdnL 蛋白的生理作用以及这些蛋白本身的调节机制。一个主题已经出现，其中 CarD-CdnL 蛋白的调节对于细菌适应压力和/或不断变化的环境条件至关重要。