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保护行动的积极影响
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 , DOI: 10.1126/science.adj6598
Penny F Langhammer _{1,

2} , Joseph W Bull _{3,

4,

5} , Jake E Bicknell ₄ , Joseph L Oakley ₆ , Mary H Brown ₁ , Michael W Bruford _{7,

8} , Stuart H M Butchart _{9,

10} , Jamie A Carr _{11,

12,

13} , Don Church ₁ , Rosie Cooney _{14,

15} , Simone Cutajar ₁₆ , Wendy Foden _{13,

17,

18,

19} , Matthew N Foster ₁ , Claude Gascon ₂₀ , Jonas Geldmann _{10,

21} , Piero Genovesi _{22,

23,

24} , Michael Hoffmann _{25,

26} , Jo Howard-McCombe _{27,

28} , Tiffany Lewis ₂₉ , Nicholas B W Macfarlane ₃₀ , Zoe E Melvin _{27,

31} , Rossana Stoltz Merizalde ₃₂ , Meredith G Morehouse ₃₃ , Shyama Pagad ₃₄ , Beth Polidoro _{25,

35} , Wes Sechrest ₁ , Gernot Segelbacher _{8,

36} , Kevin G Smith ₃₇ , Janna Steadman ₄ , Kyle Strongin ₃₈ , Jake Williams ₃₉ , Stephen Woodley ₄₀ , Thomas M Brooks _{41,

42,

43}

Affiliation

Re:wild, PO Box 129, Austin, TX 78767, USA.
Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK.
Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NR, UK.
Wild Business Ltd, London, UK.
44 Hillary Road, Maidstone ME14 2JT, UK.
School of Biosciences and Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
IUCN SSC Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, 28 rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK.
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity, University of York, York YO10 15DD, UK.
Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
IUCN SSC Climate Change Specialist Group, 28 rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
CEESP/SSC IUCN Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group, 28 rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia.
University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta.
South African National Parks, Cape Research Centre, Tokai, Cape Town, 7966, South Africa.
FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa.
Global Change Biology Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
The Global Environment Facility, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA.
Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark.
Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy.
IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, 00144 Rome, Italy.
Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
IUCN Species Survival Commission, 28 rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK.
School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
RZSS WildGenes, Conservation Department, Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh EH12 6TS, UK.
Arizona State University, 427 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
IUCN, 1630 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20009, USA.
Bangor University, School of Natural Sciences, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales LL57 2UW, UK.
Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive #600, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
LLaves: Keys to Bilingual Conservation, LLC, 346 Mayberry Hill Road, Casco, Maine 04015, USA.
University of Auckland, Auckland 1072, New Zealand.
Arizona State University, 4701 W. Thunderbird Rd, Glendale, AZ 85382, USA.
University Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
IUCN, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK.
Arizona State University, 800 S. Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK.
IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas, 64 Juniper Road, Chelsea, Quebec J9B 1T3, Canada.
IUCN, 28 rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland.
World Agroforestry Center, University of The Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

各国政府最近通过了新的全球目标来阻止和扭转生物多样性的丧失。因此，了解保护行动的结果至关重要。我们对 186 项研究（包括 665 项试验）进行了全球荟萃分析，这些研究测量了一段时间内的生物多样性，并将保护行动的结果与适当的不采取行动的反事实进行了比较。我们发现，在三分之二的情况下，保护要么改善了生物多样性的状况，要么至少减缓了衰退。具体来说，我们发现针对物种和生态系统的干预措施，例如入侵物种控制、减少和恢复栖息地丧失、保护区和可持续管理，是非常有效的，并且具有很大的效果。这提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，表明保护行动是成功的，但需要转型扩大规模才能实现全球目标。

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更新日期：2024-04-25

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