随着社会的发展,有机固体废物的产生量不断增加。但垃圾焚烧发电厂的投资很高,热效率很低。同时,碳中和政策也抑制了燃煤电厂的负荷。因此,利用现有燃煤电厂协同处置有机固体废物是一种可行的方法。本文提出了一种基于烟气循环的燃煤电厂与垃圾焚烧间接耦合技术,并在100kW中试台上进行了研究。该技术采用多源有机废弃物掺混、高温分解和选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂,采用三阶段控制方法减少多氯二苯并对二恶英/二苯并呋喃(PCDD/Fs)分解,同时进行。研究了垃圾焚烧耦合、煤炭替代率、烟气循环对系统燃烧及污染物排放特性的影响。实验结果表明,垃圾焚烧耦合对燃煤炉温度分布和飞灰毒性影响较小。燃煤炉烟气中NO、HCl、PCDD/Fs浓度普遍随着煤炭替代率的增加而降低,而SO浓度则升高。借助三级控制方法或烟气循环,燃煤炉烟气中PCDDFs浓度可远低于0.1 TEQ ng/Nm。
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Pilot-tests of the coal-fired power plant indirect coupling with multi-source organic solid waste incineration technology
The production of organic solid waste is increasing as the development of society. However, the investment of waste incineration power plant is very high and the thermal efficiency is very low. At the same time, the load of coal-fired power plant is suppressed due to the carbon neutralization policy. Therefore, using the existed coal-fired power plant to co-process the organic solid waste is a feasible method. In this paper, a coal-fired power plant indirect coupling with waste incineration technology based on flue gas circulation was proposed and studied on a 100 kW pilot-test bench. In this technology, the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) was reduced by a three stages controlling method, which adopts the blending of multi-source organic wastes, high-temperature decomposition and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst decomposition, simultaneously. The effects of waste incineration coupling, replacement ratio of coal, and flue gas circulation on the combustion and pollutant emission characteristics of the system were studied. The experimental results indicate that the waste incineration coupling has minor influence on the temperature distribution and the toxicity of fly ash of the coal-fired furnace. The NO, HCl, and PCDD/Fs concentrations of flue gas of coal-fired furnace generally decrease as the replacement ratio of coal increases, while the SO concentration increases. With the help of three stages controlling method or the flue gas circulation, the PCDDFs concentration of the flue gas of coal-fired furnace can be much lower than 0.1 TEQ ng/Nm.